Rankings of Negro League players should consider that Negro League data is not complete. Research is still ongoing and we’ll continue to publish updates as more information becomes available. Negro Leagues Data: Frequently Asked Questions

Eastern Colored League Batting Leaders

Wins Above Replacement--all

<strong>Wins Above Replacement</strong><br>A single number that presents the number of wins the player added<br>to the team above what a replacement player (think AAA or AAAA) would add.<br>Scale for a single-season: 8+ MVP Quality, 5+ All-Star Quality, 2+ Starter,<br>0-2 Reserve, < 0 Replacement Level <br>Developed by Sean Smith of BaseballProjection.com

1. Winters • HIL 3.5
2. Ryan • HIL 3.2
3. Levis • CSE 3.1
4. Lockhart • AC 2.9
5. Mackey • HIL 2.9
6. Henderson • AC 2.2
7. Johnson • HIL 2.1
8. Wilson • BBS 2.1
9. Hampton • 3TM 2.0
10. Flournoy • 3TM 1.9

WAR Position Players

<strong>Wins Above Replacement for position players</strong><br>A single number that presents the number of wins the player added<br>to the team above what a replacement player (think AAA or AAAA) would add.<br>Scale: 8+ MVP Quality, 5+ All-Star Quality, 2+ Starter,<br>0-2 Reserve, < 0 Replacement Level <br> Developed by Sean Smith of BaseballProjection.com

1. Mackey • HIL 2.9
2. Johnson • HIL 2.1
3. Wilson • BBS 2.1
4. Lloyd • HIL 1.7
5. Mason • AC 1.7
6. Oms • CSE 1.5
7. Lundy • AC 1.5
8. Hall • BBS 1.4
9. Rojo • BBS 1.3
10. Hudspeth • NLG 1.3

Offensive WAR

<strong>Offensive Wins Above Replacement (everything but Fielding)</strong><br>The same statistic as Wins Above Replacement for Position<br>Players (WAR), but with the fielding value excluded.<br>oWAR + dWAR does not equal WAR.<br>Adding would count positions twice.<br>Contains the factor for batting stats, baserunning, a positional adjustment, and the replacement player adjustment.<br> Factors developed by Sean Smith of BaseballProjection.com

1. Mackey • HIL 2.9
2. Wilson • BBS 2.1
Johnson • HIL 2.1
4. Lloyd • HIL 1.7
5. Mason • AC 1.7
6. Oms • CSE 1.5
7. Lundy • AC 1.4
8. Hall • BBS 1.4
9. Rojo • BBS 1.3
10. Hudspeth • NLG 1.3

Defensive WAR

<strong>Defensive Wins Above Replacement for position players</strong><br>A defensive measure of wins above replacement, but given<br>only the defensive stats of the player and his position adjustment. For this calculation, we use a<br>replacement level on defense is the league average.<br>Based on Baseball Info Solutions defensive runs saved from 2003 on<br>and total zone rating developed by Sean Smith of BaseballProjection.com previously

1. Poles • BBS 0.3
2. Lundy • AC 0.3
3. Lloyd • HIL 0.2
4. Mackey • HIL 0.2
5. Chacón • CSE 0.2
6. Warfield • HIL 0.2
7. Turner • BRG 0.2
Johnson • HIL 0.2
9. Francis • AC 0.2
10. Perry • 2TM 0.2
Downs • 2TM 0.2

Batting Average

<strong>Hits/At Bats</strong><br>For recent years, leaders need 3.1 PA<br>per team game played<br>Bold indicates either highest BA using current stats<br>or awarded title at end of year.

1. Mackey • HIL .428
2. Oms • CSE .366
3. Hudspeth • NLG .362
4. Lloyd • HIL .360
5. Turner • BRG .354
6. Hall • BBS .354
7. Johnson • HIL .352
8. Mason • AC .345
9. Rojo • BBS .342
10. Wilson • BBS .338

On-Base%

<strong>(H + BB + HBP)/(At Bats + BB + HBP + SF)</strong><br>For recent years, leaders need 3.1 PA<br>per team game played

1. Mackey • HIL .464
2. Oms • CSE .424
3. Hudspeth • NLG .411
4. Wilson • BBS .408
5. Lloyd • HIL .396
6. Hall • BBS .388
7. Mason • AC .388
8. Mesa • CSE .385
9. Johnson • HIL .384
10. Rojo • BBS .384

Slugging %

Total Bases/At Bats or
(1B + 2*2B + 3*3B + 4*HR)/AB
For recent years, leaders need 3.1 PA
per team game played

1. Mackey • HIL .594
2. Johnson • HIL .549
3. Wilson • BBS .549
4. Oms • CSE .542
5. Hudspeth • NLG .531
6. Mason • AC .510
7. Lloyd • HIL .507
8. Douglass • BRG .493
9. Hall • BBS .477
10. Rojo • BBS .450

On-Base Plus Slugging

<strong>On-Base + Slugging Percentages </strong><br>For recent years, leaders need 3.1 PA<br>per team game played

1. Mackey • HIL 1.058
2. Oms • CSE .966
3. Wilson • BBS .957
4. Hudspeth • NLG .942
5. Johnson • HIL .933
6. Lloyd • HIL .903
7. Mason • AC .898
8. Hall • BBS .865
9. Douglass • BRG .835
10. Rojo • BBS .833

Games Played

Games Played or Pitched

1. Briggs • HIL 61
Johnson • HIL 61
Warfield • HIL 61
4. Thomas • HIL 60
5. Johnson • HIL 59
6. Poles • BBS 56
7. Mason • AC 54
8. Francis • AC 53
Wilson • BBS 53
Downs • 2TM 53

At Bats

At Bats

1. Briggs • HIL 260
2. Warfield • HIL 231
3. Thomas • HIL 221
4. Johnson • HIL 213
5. Johnson • HIL 212
6. Mason • AC 200
7. Downs • 2TM 197
8. Hall • BBS 195
Wilson • BBS 195
10. Poles • BBS 190

Plate Appearances

<strong>Plate Appearances</strong><br>When available, we use actual plate appearances from play-by-play game accounts<br>Otherwise estimated using AB + BB + HBP + SF + SH,<br>which excludes catcher interferences.<br>When <span class=tooltip>this color</span> click for a summary of each PA.

1. Briggs • HIL 285
2. Warfield • HIL 277
3. Thomas • HIL 246
4. Johnson • HIL 235
5. Johnson • HIL 229
6. Francis • AC 222
7. Wilson • BBS 221
8. Mason • AC 219
Poles • BBS 219
10. Downs • 2TM 212

Runs Scored

Runs Scored/Allowed

1. Briggs • HIL 51
2. Warfield • HIL 46
3. Mason • AC 42
4. Lundy • AC 41
Carr • HIL 41
6. Johnson • HIL 39
Thomas • HIL 39
8. Hall • BBS 37
9. Lloyd • HIL 34
10. White • AC 32
Wilson • BBS 32
Johnson • HIL 32
Mackey • HIL 32

Hits

Hits/Hits Allowed

1. Mackey • HIL 77
2. Johnson • HIL 75
3. Briggs • HIL 74
4. Mason • AC 69
Hall • BBS 69
6. Wilson • BBS 66
7. Warfield • HIL 64
8. Thomas • HIL 62
9. Lundy • AC 59
10. Johnson • HIL 58

Total Bases

<strong>Total Bases</strong><br>Singles + 2 x Doubles + 3 x Triples + 4 x Home Runs.

1. Johnson • HIL 117
2. Wilson • BBS 107
Mackey • HIL 107
4. Mason • AC 102
5. Hall • BBS 93
Briggs • HIL 93
7. Thomas • HIL 88
8. Warfield • HIL 83
9. Lundy • AC 81
10. Johnson • HIL 76
Lloyd • HIL 76

Doubles

Doubles Hit/Allowed

1. Thomas • HIL 16
2. Lloyd • HIL 14
3. Hall • BBS 12
4. Mackey • HIL 11
5. Wilson • BBS 10
Johnson • HIL 10
Briggs • HIL 10
Warfield • HIL 10
Rojo • BBS 10
Jones • AC 10

Triples

Triples Hit/Allowed

1. Smith • BBS 6
2. Wilson • NLG 5
Hudspeth • NLG 5
Wilson • BBS 5
Johnson • HIL 5
Poles • BBS 5
7. Hill • BRG 4
Oms • CSE 4
9. Lundy • AC 3
Dihigo • CSE 3
Mesa • CSE 3
Rojo • BBS 3
Roberts • BBS 3
Santop • HIL 3
Kemp • BBS 3
Hall • BBS 3
Warfield • HIL 3
Downs • 2TM 3

Home Runs

Home Runs Hit/Allowed

1. Johnson • HIL 8
2. Mason • AC 7
Wilson • BBS 7
4. Carr • HIL 6
5. Mackey • HIL 5
Douglass • BRG 5
7. Brooks • BRG 3
Lundy • AC 3
Briggs • HIL 3
Oms • CSE 3

Runs Batted In

Runs Batted In

1. Mackey • HIL 47
2. Johnson • HIL 46
3. Wilson • BBS 44
4. Thomas • HIL 43
5. Mason • AC 39
6. Lundy • AC 33
Carr • HIL 33
Johnson • HIL 33
9. Rojo • BBS 32
10. Briggs • HIL 29

Bases on Balls

Bases on Balls/Walks

1. Francis • AC 35
2. Warfield • HIL 30
3. Wilson • BBS 23
4. Kemp • BBS 21
5. Thomas • HIL 20
6. Poles • BBS 19
7. Briggs • HIL 18
Marcell • NLG 18
9. Poles • NLG 17
10. White • AC 16

Stolen Bases

Stolen Bases

1. Briggs • HIL 13
Thomas • HIL 13
Rojo • BBS 13
Johnson • HIL 13
5. Oms • CSE 10
6. Warfield • HIL 9
Singer • NLG 9
Mason • AC 9
9. Baró • CSE 8
10. Kemp • BBS 7
Thomas • NLG 7

Singles

Singles Hit/Allowed

1. Briggs • HIL 61
2. Mackey • HIL 59
3. Johnson • HIL 54
4. Mason • AC 52
Hall • BBS 52
6. Warfield • HIL 50
7. Lundy • AC 46
8. Johnson • HIL 45
9. Wilson • BBS 44
Downs • 2TM 44

Adjusted OPS+

<strong>OPS+</strong><br>100*[OBP/lg OBP + SLG/lg SLG - 1]<br>Adjusted to the player&#x2019;s ballpark(s)

1. Mackey • HIL 194
2. Oms • CSE 169
3. Wilson • BBS 166
4. Hudspeth • NLG 162
5. Johnson • HIL 159
6. Lloyd • HIL 151
7. Mason • AC 150
8. Hall • BBS 141
9. Rojo • BBS 132
10. Douglass • BRG 132

Runs Created

<strong>Runs Created</strong><br>A set of formulas developed by Bill James and others<br>that estimates a player&#x2019;s total contributions<br>to a team&#x2019;s runs total.<br>This is computed with the "technical" formula when possible.<br>If SB or CS data is missing, the "basic" formula is used.<br>If HBP, IBB, SH, SF, or GIDP data is missing, the "stolen base" version of the formula is used. <br>Team Runs Created is the sum of player Runs Created.

1. Mackey • HIL 49
2. Johnson • HIL 45
3. Wilson • BBS 44
4. Mason • AC 40
5. Hall • BBS 36
6. Briggs • HIL 31
7. Oms • CSE 30
Lloyd • HIL 30
Thomas • HIL 30
Warfield • HIL 30

Adj. Batting Runs

<strong>Adjusted Batting Runs</strong><br>A set of formulas developed by Gary Gillette, Pete Palmer and others<br>that estimates a player&#x2019;s total contributions<br>to a team&#x2019;s runs total via linear weights.<br>0.0 is an avg performance, <0 is worse than avg and >0 is better than avg

1. Mackey • HIL 23
2. Wilson • BBS 17
3. Johnson • HIL 15
4. Mason • AC 13
5. Oms • CSE 12
6. Hall • BBS 11
7. Lloyd • HIL 10
Hudspeth • NLG 10
9. Singer • NLG 8
10. Marcell • NLG 7

Adj. Batting Wins

<strong>Adjusted Batting Wins</strong><br>A set of formulas developed by Gary Gillette, Pete Palmer and others<br>that estimates a player&#x2019;s total contributions<br>to a team&#x2019;s wins with his bat.<br>0.0 is an avg performance, <0 is worse than avg and >0 is better than avg

1. Mackey • HIL 2.2
2. Wilson • BBS 1.7
3. Johnson • HIL 1.5
4. Mason • AC 1.3
5. Oms • CSE 1.2
6. Lloyd • HIL 1.0
Hall • BBS 1.0
8. Hudspeth • NLG 1.0
9. Singer • NLG 0.8
10. Marcell • NLG 0.7

Extra Base Hits

<strong>Extra Base Hits</strong><br>Doubles + Triples + Home Runs

1. Wilson • BBS 22
2. Johnson • HIL 21
3. Thomas • HIL 20
4. Mackey • HIL 18
5. Hall • BBS 17
Mason • AC 17
Lloyd • HIL 17
8. Douglass • BRG 14
Warfield • HIL 14
10. Lundy • AC 13
Johnson • HIL 13
Carr • HIL 13
Briggs • HIL 13
Rojo • BBS 13
Oms • CSE 13
Hudspeth • NLG 13

Times On Base

<strong>Times on Base</strong><br>Hits + Bases on Balls + Hit By Pitch<br>Does not include Reached on Error or Catcher Interference.

1. Briggs • HIL 98
2. Warfield • HIL 94
3. Wilson • BBS 89
Mackey • HIL 89
5. Johnson • HIL 86
6. Mason • AC 83
Thomas • HIL 83
8. Hall • BBS 80
9. Lundy • AC 72
10. Johnson • HIL 71

Offensive Win %

<strong>Offensive Winning Percentage</strong><br>The percentage of games a team with nine of this player<br>batting would win. Assumes average pitching and defense.<br>This uses the Pythagorean win pct formula with the player's RC/G for runs scored and the league's R/9 as runs allowed.

1. Mackey • HIL .861
2. Oms • CSE .799
3. Wilson • BBS .778
4. Hudspeth • NLG .767
5. Johnson • HIL .760
6. Lloyd • HIL .740
7. Mason • AC .736
8. Hall • BBS .712
9. Rojo • BBS .671
10. Douglass • BRG .650

Hit By Pitch

Times Hit by a Pitch.

1. Briggs • HIL 6
2. Roberts • BBS 3
Portuondo • CSE 3
Mesa • CSE 3
Cockrell • HIL 3
Kemp • BBS 3
7. Hudspeth • NLG 2
Fiall • BRG 2
Spearman • BRG 2
Carr • HIL 2
Poles • NLG 2
Lundy • AC 2
Oms • CSE 2
Pérez • CSE 2

Sacrifice Hits

Sacrifice Hits (Sacrifice Bunts)

1. Warfield • HIL 16
2. Francis • AC 13
3. Johnson • HIL 10
4. Hill • BRG 9
Fiall • BRG 9
Poles • BBS 9
7. Henderson • AC 8
Dihigo • CSE 8
Cummings • AC 8
10. Baró • CSE 7
Rojo • BBS 7
Richardson • BBS 7

Power-Speed #

<strong>Power/Speed Number</strong><br>2 x (Home Runs x Stolen Bases)/(Stolen Bases + Home Runs)<br>The harmonic mean of HR and SB.<br>To do well you need a lot of both.<br>Developed by Bill James.

1. Johnson • HIL 9.9
2. Mason • AC 7.9
3. Carr • HIL 6.0
4. Mackey • HIL 5.5
5. Douglass • BRG 5.0
6. Briggs • HIL 4.9
7. Oms • CSE 4.6
8. Wilson • BBS 4.2
9. Thomas • HIL 3.5
10. Lundy • AC 3.4

AB per HR

<strong>At Bats Per Home Run</strong>

1. Carr • HIL 23.8
2. Johnson • HIL 26.6
3. Wilson • BBS 27.9
4. Mason • AC 28.6
5. Douglass • BRG 28.8
6. Mackey • HIL 36.0
7. Oms • CSE 43.7
8. Lundy • AC 61.7
9. Hudspeth • NLG 65.0
10. Thomas • NLG 70.5

Outs Made

<strong>Outs Made</strong><br>(At Bats - Hits) + Double Plays Grounded Into <br>+ Sac. Flies + Sac. Hits + Caught Stealing.

1. Briggs • HIL 187
2. Warfield • HIL 183
3. Johnson • HIL 164
4. Thomas • HIL 163
5. Francis • AC 160
6. Downs • 2TM 150
7. Poles • BBS 149
8. Johnson • HIL 143
9. Cummings • AC 136
Mason • AC 136

rOBA

rOBA
A measure of a player's offensive contributions, weighted in proportion to each event's actual run value

1. Mackey • HIL .480
2. Oms • CSE .447
3. Wilson • BBS .431
4. Hudspeth • NLG .427
5. Johnson • HIL .426
6. Lloyd • HIL .414
7. Mason • AC .411
8. Hall • BBS .396
9. Rojo • BBS .393
10. Douglass • BRG .379

Rbat+

Rbat+
Batting runs as computed for WAR, but indexed to the environment the player played in, where 100 is league average.

1. Mackey • HIL 194
2. Oms • CSE 167
3. Wilson • BBS 163
4. Hudspeth • NLG 162
5. Johnson • HIL 156
6. Lloyd • HIL 152
7. Mason • AC 150
8. Hall • BBS 143
9. Rojo • BBS 136
10. Douglass • BRG 131

A ** by the stat's value indicates the player had fewer than the required number of at bats or plate appearances for the BA, OBP, SLG or OPS title that year. In order to rank the player, the necessary number of hitless at bats were added to the player's season total. The value printed here is their actual value and not the value used to rank them, therefore some numbers may appear out of order.

For rate stats, generally a minimum of 3.1 Plate Appearances/Team Game (batting), 1.0 IP/Team Game (pitching), 0.67 Gm and Chances/Team Game (fielding), 0.2 SB att/Team Game (catchers), 0.1 SB att/Team Game (baserunners only since 1951), and 0.1 decision/Team Game (W-L%) is needed for single-season leaderboards. For pitcher fielding the minimums are reduced by a third. For LF, CF, RF fielding stats, we only have reliable data since 1898, so all leaders are since 1898. Explanation of min. requirements

More 1923 Eastern Colored League Pages

1923 ECL Season

Minor Leagues

Standings

Fielding

Batting

Pitching

Managers

Fielding

Batting

Pitching

Leaders & Awards

Other