Mobile Site You Are Here > Home > Teams > Franchise Encyclopedia > 1956 Batting, Pitching, & Fielding Statistics

1956 Cincinnati Redlegs

Batting, Pitching, & Fielding Statistics

Franchise Encyclopedia: 1955 / 1957

91-63, Finished 3rd in National League (Schedule and Results)
View League Standings and Leaders

Manager: Birdie Tebbetts (91-63)
Scored 775 runs, Allowed 658 runs. Pythagorean W-L: 88-66

Ballparks: Crosley Field · Attendance: 1,125,928 (3rd of 8)
Park Factors  Over 100 favors batters, under 100 favors pitchers.
  multi-year:
Batting - 106, Pitching - 105 · one-year: Batting - 106, Pitching - 103

BaseballAmerica.com: Franchise Executives
BR Bullpen: Find or enter more info for this team (what's this?)


1955 / 1957 Batting, Pitching, & Fielding Statistics

Game Results

Height of bar is margin of victory up to 10 runs  · Mouseover bar for details  · Click for box score  · Grouped by Month

Team Batting

More Stats

Hide non-qualifiers for rate stats
 · League Register
Rk Pos Age G PA AB R H 2B 3B HR RBI SB CS BB SO BA OBP SLG OPS OPS+ TB GDP HBP SH SF IBB
1 C Ed Bailey* 25 118 446 383 59 115 8 2 28 75 2 0 52 50 .300 .385 .551 .936 142 211 7 3 4 4 11
2 1B Ted Kluszewski* 31 138 574 517 91 156 14 1 35 102 1 0 49 31 .302 .362 .536 .898 132 277 11 3 0 5 22
3 2B Johnny Temple 28 154 712 632 88 180 18 3 2 41 14 4 58 40 .285 .344 .332 .676 79 210 12 1 17 4 0
4 SS Roy McMillan 26 150 574 479 51 126 16 7 3 62 4 3 76 54 .263 .366 .344 .710 88 165 14 5 8 6 9
5 3B Ray Jablonski 29 130 458 407 42 104 25 1 15 66 2 4 37 57 .256 .324 .432 .756 97 176 14 7 1 6 6
6 LF Frank Robinson 20 152 668 572 122 166 27 6 38 83 8 4 64 95 .290 .379 .558 .936 142 319 14 20 8 4 7
7 CF Gus Bell* 27 150 666 603 82 176 31 4 29 84 6 2 50 66 .292 .347 .501 .848 120 302 10 3 7 3 4
8 RF Wally Post 26 143 586 539 94 134 25 3 36 83 6 0 37 124 .249 .301 .506 .807 107 273 10 4 4 2 2
Rk Pos Age G PA AB R H 2B 3B HR RBI SB CS BB SO BA OBP SLG OPS OPS+ TB GDP HBP SH SF IBB
9 C Smoky Burgess* 29 90 258 229 28 63 10 0 12 39 0 1 26 18 .275 .346 .476 .822 114 109 5 0 1 2 4
10 3B Alex Grammas 30 77 168 140 17 34 11 0 0 16 0 1 16 18 .243 .323 .321 .644 70 45 0 1 10 1 1
11 1B George Crowe* 35 77 157 144 22 36 2 1 10 23 0 0 11 28 .250 .312 .486 .798 106 70 1 2 0 0 1
12 RF Bob Thurman* 39 80 150 139 25 41 5 2 8 22 0 0 10 14 .295 .340 .532 .872 125 74 3 0 0 1 2
13 OF Stan Palys 26 40 60 53 5 12 0 0 2 5 0 0 6 13 .226 .300 .340 .640 68 18 0 0 0 1 0
14 IF Rocky Bridges 28 71 23 19 9 4 0 0 0 1 1 2 4 3 .211 .348 .211 .558 52 4 0 0 0 0 0
15 LF Joe Frazier* 33 10 18 17 2 4 0 0 1 2 0 0 1 7 .235 .278 .412 .690 78 7 1 0 0 0 0
16 CI Jim Dyck 34 18 15 11 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 5 .091 .286 .091 .377 6 1 1 0 1 0 0
17 LF Art Schult 28 5 8 7 3 3 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 1 .429 .500 .429 .929 148 3 0 0 0 0 0
18 UT Bruce Edwards 32 7 5 5 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 .200 .200 .200 .400 6 1 0 0 0 0 0
19 UT Chuck Harmon 32 13 4 4 2 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 .000 .000 .000 .000 -100 0 0 0 0 0 0
20 Matt Batts 34 3 3 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 .000 .333 .000 .333 -2 0 0 0 0 0 0
21 LF Bobby Balcena 30 7 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 .000 .000 .000 .000 -100 0 0 0 0 0 0
22 Curt Flood 18 5 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 .000 .000 .000 .000 -100 0 0 0 0 0 0
23 Al Silvera 20 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
24 John Oldham 23 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
25 P Johnny Klippstein 28 37 82 71 4 7 0 0 0 3 0 0 3 19 .099 .135 .099 .234 -37 7 1 0 8 0 0
26 P Brooks Lawrence 31 49 81 70 4 11 2 1 0 4 0 0 2 28 .157 .187 .214 .401 5 15 2 1 6 2 0
27 P Joe Nuxhall* 27 44 68 59 6 11 2 1 2 7 0 0 4 15 .186 .234 .356 .590 52 21 1 0 4 1 0
28 P Art Fowler 33 45 60 48 1 7 1 0 0 5 0 0 5 11 .146 .236 .167 .403 9 8 1 1 5 1 0
29 P Hal Jeffcoat 31 49 60 54 5 8 2 0 0 5 0 1 3 20 .148 .193 .185 .378 0 10 1 0 3 0 0
30 P Tom Acker 26 29 22 19 3 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 3 12 .053 .182 .053 .234 -34 1 1 0 0 0 0
31 P Don Gross* 25 19 21 19 1 2 0 0 0 1 0 0 2 5 .105 .190 .105 .296 -19 2 0 0 0 0 0
32 P Hersh Freeman 27 64 21 18 0 1 1 0 0 2 0 0 3 4 .056 .190 .111 .302 -18 2 0 0 0 0 0
33 P Larry Jansen 35 8 12 11 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 7 .000 .083 .000 .083 -75 0 1 0 0 0 0
34 P Joe Black 32 34 10 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 .000 .000 .000 .000 -100 0 1 0 0 0 0
35 P Paul LaPalme* 32 11 6 4 1 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 .500 .500 .750 1.250 223 3 0 0 2 0 0
36 P Pat Scantlebury* 38 8 4 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 .000 .000 .000 .000 -100 0 0 0 1 0 0
37 P Russ Meyer# 32 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
38 P Frank Smith 28 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
39 P Bill Kennedy* 35 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Team Totals 27.4 155 6003 5291 775 1406 201 32 221 734 45 22 528 760 .266 .336 .441 .777 102 2334 112 51 90 43 69
Rank in 8 NL teams 2 1 2 6 8 1 4 7 3 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 2
Rk Pos Age G PA AB R H 2B 3B HR RBI SB CS BB SO BA OBP SLG OPS OPS+ TB GDP HBP SH SF IBB
* - bats left-handed, # - bats both, else - bats right, ? - unknown; OPS_lg for OPS+ does not include pitchers.

Team Pitching

More Stats

Hide non-qualifiers for rate stats
 · League Register
Rk Pos Age W L W-L% ERA G GS GF CG SHO SV IP H R ER HR BB IBB SO HBP BK WP BF ERA+ WHIP H/9 HR/9 BB/9 SO/9 SO/BB
1 SP Brooks Lawrence 31 19 10 .655 3.99 49 30 12 11 1 0 218.2 210 109 97 26 71 4 96 2 0 0 913 99 1.285 8.6 1.1 2.9 4.0 1.35
2 SP Johnny Klippstein 28 12 11 .522 4.09 37 29 3 11 0 1 211.0 219 103 96 26 82 13 86 10 1 0 916 97 1.427 9.3 1.1 3.5 3.7 1.05
3 SP Joe Nuxhall* 27 13 11 .542 3.72 44 32 6 10 2 3 200.2 196 96 83 18 87 6 120 6 0 3 865 107 1.410 8.8 0.8 3.9 5.4 1.38
4 SP Art Fowler 33 11 11 .500 4.05 45 23 9 8 0 1 177.2 191 92 80 15 35 3 86 0 0 2 738 98 1.272 9.7 0.8 1.8 4.4 2.46
Rk Pos Age W L W-L% ERA G GS GF CG SHO SV IP H R ER HR BB IBB SO HBP BK WP BF ERA+ WHIP H/9 HR/9 BB/9 SO/9 SO/BB
5 CL Hersh Freeman 27 14 5 .737 3.40 64 0 47 0 0 18 108.2 112 44 41 2 34 11 50 1 1 3 458 117 1.344 9.3 0.2 2.8 4.1 1.47
6 RP Hal Jeffcoat 31 8 2 .800 3.84 38 16 7 2 0 2 171.0 189 79 73 12 55 4 55 5 0 7 744 103 1.427 9.9 0.6 2.9 2.9 1.00
7 RP Tom Acker 26 4 3 .571 2.37 29 7 3 1 1 1 83.2 60 23 22 7 29 1 54 2 0 0 338 168 1.064 6.5 0.8 3.1 5.8 1.86
8 RP Don Gross* 25 3 0 1.000 1.95 19 7 4 2 0 0 69.1 69 25 15 4 20 2 47 1 0 1 295 205 1.284 9.0 0.5 2.6 6.1 2.35
9 RP Joe Black 32 3 2 .600 4.52 32 0 11 0 0 2 61.2 61 31 31 11 25 3 27 0 0 0 264 88 1.395 8.9 1.6 3.6 3.9 1.08
Rk Pos Age W L W-L% ERA G GS GF CG SHO SV IP H R ER HR BB IBB SO HBP BK WP BF ERA+ WHIP H/9 HR/9 BB/9 SO/9 SO/BB
10 Larry Jansen 35 2 3 .400 5.19 8 7 1 2 0 1 34.2 39 20 20 5 9 1 16 1 0 0 151 77 1.385 10.1 1.3 2.3 4.2 1.78
11 Paul LaPalme* 32 2 4 .333 4.67 11 2 3 0 0 0 27.0 26 14 14 7 4 0 4 0 0 0 110 86 1.111 8.7 2.3 1.3 1.3 1.00
12 Pat Scantlebury* 38 0 1 .000 6.63 6 2 0 0 0 0 19.0 24 14 14 5 5 0 10 0 0 2 87 61 1.526 11.4 2.4 2.4 4.7 2.00
13 Frank Smith 28 0 0 12.00 2 0 0 0 0 0 3.0 3 4 4 2 2 0 1 0 0 0 13 37 1.667 9.0 6.0 6.0 3.0 0.50
14 Bill Kennedy* 35 0 0 18.00 1 0 1 0 0 0 2.0 6 4 4 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 26 3.000 27.0 4.5 0.0 0.0
15 Russ Meyer 32 0 0 0.00 1 0 1 0 0 0 1.0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 4 1.000 9.0 0.0 0.0 9.0
Team Totals 29.6 91 63 .591 3.85 155 155 108 47 4 29 1389.0 1406 658 594 141 458 48 653 28 2 18 5907 103 1.342 9.1 0.9 3.0 4.2 1.43
Rank in 8 NL teams 3 6 5 3 7 3 3 6 5 5 2 3 7
Rk Pos Age W L W-L% ERA G GS GF CG SHO SV IP H R ER HR BB IBB SO HBP BK WP BF ERA+ WHIP H/9 HR/9 BB/9 SO/9 SO/BB
* - throws left-handed, # - throws both, else - throws right, ? - unknown

Team Fielding--Totals

More Stats

Age G GS CG Inn Ch PO A E DP Fld% Rtot Rtot/yr RF/9 RF/G PB WP SB CS CS% PO Pos. Summary
Tom Acker 26 29 7 1 83.2 24 9 15 0 0 1.000 2.58 0.83 6 2 25% 1 P
Ed Bailey 25 105 102 99 924.0 572 511 52 9 10 .984 6 8 5.48 5.31 4 10 30 25 45% 3 C
Bobby Balcena 30 2 0 0 3.0 1 1 0 0 0 1.000 -0 -120 3.00 0.50 LF
Gus Bell 27 149 149 146 1330.0 341 324 12 5 4 .985 -23 -21 2.27 2.26 CF
Joe Black 32 32 0 0 61.2 13 5 7 1 2 .923 1.75 0.38 4 1 20% 1 P
Rocky Bridges 28 65 0 0 138.0 50 25 24 1 1 .980 -2 -17 3.20 0.73 3B-SS-2B-LF
Smoky Burgess 29 55 53 50 463.0 275 257 18 0 2 1.000 0 0 5.35 5.00 4 9 20 7 26% 2 C
George Crowe 35 32 25 24 242.0 253 225 25 3 15 .988 4 17 9.30 7.81 1B
Jim Dyck 34 2 1 0 9.1 5 4 1 0 0 1.000 0 26 4.82 2.50 3B-1B
Bruce Edwards 32 2 0 0 3.0 2 0 1 1 0 .500 0 120 3.00 0.25 0 0 0 0 0 C-2B-3B
Art Fowler 33 45 23 8 177.2 48 12 35 1 0 .979 2.38 1.04 6 6 50% 0 P
Joe Frazier 33 4 2 0 17.0 0 0 0 0 0 -2 -134 0.00 0.00 LF
Hersh Freeman 27 64 0 0 108.2 23 8 15 0 2 1.000 1.90 0.36 5 1 17% 0 P
Alex Grammas 30 74 51 22 424.2 158 57 96 5 11 .968 5 15 3.24 2.04 3B-SS-2B
Don Gross 25 19 7 2 69.1 19 6 13 0 3 1.000 2.47 1.00 3 1 25% 0 P
Chuck Harmon 32 8 0 0 20.1 5 5 0 0 0 1.000 0 0 2.21 0.63 RF-1B-LF-CF
Ray Jablonski 29 127 111 72 942.0 298 117 172 9 11 .970 -6 -8 2.76 2.26 3B-2B
Larry Jansen 35 8 7 2 34.2 7 3 4 0 0 1.000 1.82 0.88 0 0 0 P
Hal Jeffcoat 31 38 16 2 171.0 65 21 42 2 4 .969 3.32 1.66 6 0 0% 0 P
Bill Kennedy 35 1 0 0 2.0 0 0 0 0 0 0.00 0.00 0 0 0 P
Johnny Klippstein 28 37 29 11 211.0 53 10 42 1 3 .981 2.22 1.41 4 7 64% 0 P
Ted Kluszewski 31 130 130 121 1142.1 1268 1166 89 13 110 .990 -4 -4 9.89 9.58 1B
Paul LaPalme 32 11 2 0 27.0 5 0 5 0 1 1.000 1.67 0.45 1 0 0% 0 P
Brooks Lawrence 31 49 30 11 218.2 68 13 53 2 5 .971 2.72 1.35 3 9 75% 1 P
Roy McMillan 26 150 150 140 1311.0 851 319 511 21 105 .975 20 18 5.70 5.53 SS
Russ Meyer 32 1 0 0 1.0 1 1 0 0 0 1.000 9.00 1.00 0 0 0 P
Joe Nuxhall 27 44 32 10 200.2 39 6 31 2 3 .949 1.66 0.84 10 5 33% 3 P
Stan Palys 26 10 6 4 61.0 16 15 0 1 0 .938 0 2 2.21 1.50 RF-LF
Wally Post 26 136 133 131 1201.1 313 288 15 10 2 .968 8 8 2.27 2.23 RF-LF
Frank Robinson 20 152 150 142 1327.2 341 327 6 8 1 .977 8 7 2.26 2.16 LF-CF
Pat Scantlebury 38 6 2 0 19.0 4 1 3 0 0 1.000 1.89 0.67 2 0 0% 0 P
Art Schult 28 1 1 0 8.0 0 0 0 0 0 -0 -30 0.00 0.00 LF
Frank Smith 28 2 0 0 3.0 0 0 0 0 0 0.00 0.00 0 0 0 P
Johnny Temple 28 154 152 143 1345.2 837 389 432 16 89 .981 4 3 5.49 5.30 2B-RF
Bob Thurman 39 29 24 17 198.2 43 39 2 2 1 .953 -1 -7 1.86 1.41 RF-LF
Team Totals 27.8 155 1395 1158 12501.0 6002 4168 1721 113 384 .981 15 1 4.24 3.30 8 19 50 32 39% 11
Rank in 8 NL teams 7 4 1
Age G GS CG Inn Ch PO A E DP Fld% Rtot Rtot/yr RF/9 RF/G PB WP SB CS CS% PO Pos. Summary

Team Player Value--Batters

League Register · WAR: 8+ MVP, 5+ A-S, 2+ Strtr, 0-2 Sub, < 0 Repl.
Age PA Rbat Rbaser Rroe Rdp Rfield Rpos Rrep RAR WAR oRAR oWAR dWAR Salary Acquired Pos. Summary
Tom Acker 26 22 -4 0 0 0 0 2 1 -1 -0.2 -1 -0.1 -0.1 $ Traded 1
Ed Bailey* 25 448 23 -1 -2 0 6 7 15 48 5.0 42 4.4 0.6 $ Amateur Free Agent *2
Bobby Balcena 30 2 -1 0 0 0 -0 0 0 -1 -0.1 -1 -0.1 0.0 $ Minor Lg Working Ag /7
Matt Batts 34 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0.0 $ Purchased
Gus Bell* 27 665 17 -1 2 2 -23 -1 21 17 1.9 40 4.2 -2.3 $ Traded *8
Joe Black 32 10 -3 0 0 0 0 1 0 -2 -0.2 -2 -0.2 0.0 $ Traded 1
Rocky Bridges 28 23 -1 0 0 1 -2 0 1 -1 -0.1 1 0.1 -0.2 $ Traded 5/467
Smoky Burgess* 29 258 4 0 0 3 0 3 9 19 2.0 19 2.0 0.0 $ Traded 2
George Crowe* 35 157 1 0 0 0 4 -2 6 9 0.9 5 0.5 0.4 $ Traded 3
Jim Dyck 34 15 -1 -1 1 0 0 0 0 -1 -0.1 -1 -0.1 0.0 $ Purchased /35
Bruce Edwards 32 5 -1 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1 -0.1 -1 -0.1 0.0 $ Free Agency /245
Curt Flood 18 1 0 -1 0 0 0 0 0 -1 -0.1 -1 -0.1 0.0 $ Amateur Free Agent
Art Fowler 33 59 -6 -1 -1 0 0 4 2 -2 -0.3 -2 -0.2 -0.1 $ Conditional Deal 1
Joe Frazier* 33 18 -1 0 0 0 -2 0 1 -2 -0.2 0 0.0 -0.2 $ Traded /7
Hersh Freeman 27 21 -3 0 0 0 0 2 1 0 -0.1 0 0.0 -0.1 $ Purchased 1
Alex Grammas 30 170 -5 0 1 2 5 1 6 11 1.0 5 0.5 0.5 $ Traded 56/4
Don Gross* 25 21 -3 0 0 0 0 2 1 0 -0.1 0 0.0 -0.1 $ Amateur Free Agent 1
Chuck Harmon 32 4 -1 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1 -0.1 -1 -0.1 0.0 $ Unknown /9387
Ray Jablonski 29 458 -1 -3 0 -2 -6 1 16 5 0.4 11 1.2 -0.8 $ Traded *5/4
Larry Jansen 35 12 -3 0 0 0 0 1 0 -2 -0.2 -2 -0.2 0.0 $ Minor Lg Working Ag /1
Hal Jeffcoat 31 60 -7 -1 -1 0 0 4 2 -3 -0.4 -3 -0.3 -0.1 $ Traded 1
Johnny Klippstein 28 82 -13 -1 0 1 0 6 3 -4 -0.6 -4 -0.4 -0.2 $ Traded 1
Ted Kluszewski* 31 574 21 1 -2 2 -4 -8 19 29 3.1 33 3.5 -0.4 $ Amateur Free Agent *3
Paul LaPalme* 32 6 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 2 0.2 2 0.2 0.0 $ Traded 1
Brooks Lawrence 31 81 -9 0 0 0 0 6 3 0 -0.1 0 0.0 -0.1 $ Traded 1
Roy McMillan 26 574 -3 -3 0 0 20 10 20 44 4.3 24 2.5 1.8 $ Amateur Free Agent *6
Joe Nuxhall* 27 68 -4 0 -1 0 0 5 2 2 0.2 2 0.2 0.0 $ Amateur Free Agent 1
Stan Palys 26 60 -2 0 0 1 0 0 2 1 0.1 1 0.1 0.0 $ Traded /79
Wally Post 26 586 4 4 3 -1 8 -7 20 30 3.1 23 2.4 0.7 $ Amateur Free Agent *9/7
Frank Robinson 20 667 35 2 1 -1 8 -8 21 58 6.2 50 5.2 1.0 $ Amateur Free Agent *7/8
Pat Scantlebury* 38 4 -1 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1 -0.1 -1 -0.1 0.0 $ Minor Lg Working Ag /1
Art Schult 28 8 1 0 1 0 -0 0 0 2 0.2 2 0.2 0.0 $ Minor Lg Working Ag /7
Johnny Temple 28 710 -13 1 0 0 4 5 22 19 1.8 15 1.6 0.2 $ Amateur Free Agent *4/9
Bob Thurman* 39 152 4 -2 -1 1 -1 -1 5 5 0.5 6 0.6 -0.1 $ Free Agency 9/7
Team Total 27.5 6004 25 -7 2 9 15 33 199 278 27.8 261 27.4 0.4 $
Age PA Rbat Rbaser Rroe Rdp Rfield Rpos Rrep RAR WAR oRAR oWAR dWAR Salary Acquired Pos. Summary

Team Player Value--Pitchers

League Register · WAR: 8+ MVP, 5+ A-S, 2+ Strtr, 0-2 Sub, < 0 Repl.
Age IP GS R Rrep Rdef aLI RAR WAR Salary Acquired
Tom Acker 26 83.2 7 23 48 1 .9 25 2.3 $ Traded
Joe Black 32 61.2 0 31 38 1 .8 7 0.2 $ Traded
Art Fowler 33 177.2 23 92 97 2 1.0 5 0.4 $ Conditional Deal
Hersh Freeman 27 108.2 0 44 62 1 1.6 18 1.4 $ Purchased
Don Gross* 25 69.1 7 25 39 1 1.1 14 1.5 $ Amateur Free Agent
Larry Jansen 35 34.2 7 20 22 0 1.0 2 0.2 $ Minor Lg Working Ag
Hal Jeffcoat 31 171.0 16 79 100 2 .9 21 1.9 $ Traded
Bill Kennedy* 35 2.0 0 4 1 0 .0 -3 -0.2 $ Minor Lg Working Ag
Johnny Klippstein 28 211.0 29 103 122 2 1.2 19 2.2 $ Traded
Paul LaPalme* 32 27.0 2 14 15 0 1.0 1 0.0 $ Traded
Brooks Lawrence 31 218.2 30 109 126 3 1.0 17 1.6 $ Traded
Russ Meyer 32 1.0 0 0 0 0 .0 0 0.0 $ Waivers
Joe Nuxhall* 27 200.2 32 96 109 2 1.1 13 1.4 $ Amateur Free Agent
Pat Scantlebury* 38 19.0 2 14 11 0 .6 -3 -0.3 $ Minor Lg Working Ag
Frank Smith 28 3.0 0 4 2 0 .1 -2 -0.2 $ Waivers
Team Total 29.6 1389.0 155 658 792 15 1.1 134 12.4 $
Age IP GS R Rrep Rdef aLI RAR WAR Salary Acquired

1955 / 1957 Batting, Pitching, & Fielding Statistics