Mobile Site You Are Here > Home > Encyclopedia of Players > R Listing > Stan Rojek > Batting

News: WAR Comparison Chart - Baseball-Reference.com »post

Photo of Stan Rojek

Stan Rojek

Stanley Andrew Rojek (Happy Rabbit)

Position: Shortstop
Bats: Right, Throws: Right
Height: 5' 10", Weight: 170 lb.

Born: April 21, 1919 in North Tonawanda, NY
Signed by the Brooklyn Dodgers as an amateur free agent in 1939. (All Transactions)
Debut: September 22, 1942
Teams (by GP): Pirates/Dodgers/Cardinals/Browns 1942-1952

Final Game: May 13, 1952
Died: July 9, 1997 in North Tonawanda, NY
Buried: Mount Olivet Cemetery, Buffalo, NY
About biographical information

View team uniforms at Dressed to the Nines a Baseball Hall of Fame on-line exhibit / Report an error

Our primary support comes from users like you. Sponsor this page for $10. Your message will replace this ad.

Standard Batting

Year	Age	Tm	Lg	G	PA	AB	R	H	2B	3B	HR	RBI	SB	CS	BB	SO	BA	OBP	SLG	OPS	OPS+	TB	GDP	HBP	SH	SF	Pos	Awards
1939	20	LAD-min	D	103	403	403		129	29	4	4						.320	.320	.442	.762		178						OLE · PONY
1940	21	LAD-min	C	123	470	470		135	17	6	0						.287	.287	.349	.636		164						DAY · MATL
1941	22	LAD-min	B	140	502	502		155	12	8	0						.309	.309	.365	.673		183						DHM · PIED
1942	23	LAD-min	AA	144	619	562	90	159	21	5	3	49	11	3	46	34	.283	.337	.354	.691		199	10	0	11			MTL · IL
1942	23	BRO	NL	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0		0	0						0	0	0	0

1946	27	BRO	NL	45	52	47	11	13	2	1	0	2	1		4	1	.277	.333	.362	.695	96	17	3	0	1		6/45
1947	28	BRO	NL	32	88	80	7	21	0	1	0	7	1		7	3	.263	.322	.288	.609	61	23	3	0	1		6/54
1948	29	PIT	NL	*156*	714	641	85	186	27	5	4	51	24		61	41	.290	.355	.367	.721	94	235	8	3	8		*6	MVP-10
1949	30	PIT	NL	144	625	557	72	136	19	2	0	31	4		50	31	.244	.309	.285	.594	59	159	10	2	16		*6
1950	31	PIT	NL	76	253	230	28	59	12	1	0	17	2		18	13	.257	.313	.317	.631	64	73	4	1	4		6/4
1951	32	TOT	NL	59	219	202	21	54	7	3	0	14	0	3	10	11	.267	.308	.332	.640	72	67	7	2	5		6
1951	32	PIT	NL	8	17	16	0	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	.188	.188	.188	.375	0	3	0	0	1		/6
1951	32	STL	NL	51	202	186	21	51	7	3	0	14	0	3	10	10	.274	.318	.344	.662	78	64	7	2	4		6
1952	33	CHW-min	AAA	125	536	496	57	122	12	4	0	20	3		34	13	.246	.297	.286	.583		142	14	2	4			TOL · AA
1952	33	SLB	AL	9	9	7	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	0	.143	.333	.143	.476	35	1	1	0	0		/64
1953	34	LAD-min	AAA,AA	70	229	210	24	58	10	2	1	31	0		16	13	.276	.327	.357	.685		75		0	3			MTL,MOB · IL,SOUA
1954	35	LAD-min	AAA	52	144	132	11	30	7	0	0	7	0		9	12	.227	.275	.280	.555		37	4	0	2	1		STP · AA
1955	36	LAD-min	AAA	71	148	132	12	30	5	1	0	8	1		14	11	.227	.299	.280	.580		37	3	0	1	1		STP · AA
8 Yrs				522	1960	1764	225	470	67	13	4	122	32	3	152	100	.266	.327	.326	.653	75	575	36	8	35
162 Game Avg.				162	608	547	70	146	21	4	1	38	10		47	31	.266	.327	.326	.653	75	178	11	2	11

PIT (4 yrs)				384	1609	1444	185	384	58	8	4	99	30	0	129	86	.266	.329	.325	.654	75	470	22	6	29
BRO (3 yrs)				78	140	127	19	34	2	2	0	9	2		11	4	.268	.326	.315	.641	73	40	6	0	2
STL (1 yr)				51	202	186	21	51	7	3	0	14	0	3	10	10	.274	.318	.344	.662	78	64	7	2	4
SLB (1 yr)				9	9	7	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	0	.143	.333	.143	.476	35	1	1	0	0

NL (7 yrs)				513	1951	1757	225	469	67	13	4	122	32	3	150	100	.267	.327	.327	.654	75	574	35	8	35
AL (1 yr)				9	9	7	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	0	.143	.333	.143	.476	35	1	1	0	0

Player Value--Batters

WAR Explained (v2.1): 8+ MVP, 5+ A-S, 2+ Starter, 0-2 Sub, < 0 Repl

Year	Age	Tm	Lg	G	PA	Rbat	Rbaser	Rdp	Rfield	Rpos	RAA	WAA	Rrep	RAR	WAR	waaWL%	162WL%	oWAR	dWAR	oRAR	Salary	Pos	Awards
1942	23	BRO	NL	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.0	0	0	0.0	.500	.500	0.0	0.0	0	$

1946	27	BRO	NL	45	52	-0	0	0	1	1	2	0.2	2	4	0.4	.505	.501	0.3	0.2	3	$	6/45
1947	28	BRO	NL	32	88	-4	-0	0	3	2	0	0.0	3	3	0.4	.501	.500	0.0	0.5	0	$	6/54
1948	29	PIT	NL	156	714	-3	0	0	5	10	12	1.2	25	37	3.7	.508	.508	3.2	1.6	32	$	*6	MVP-10
1949	30	PIT	NL	144	625	-30	-1	1	2	10	-19	-2.1	22	3	0.1	.486	.488	-0.1	1.2	1	$	*6
1950	31	PIT	NL	76	253	-11	-1	1	-3	4	-10	-1.1	8	-2	-0.2	.487	.494	0.1	0.1	1	$	6/4
1951	32	PIT	NL	8	17	-2	0	0	0	0	-2	-0.2	1	-1	-0.1	.473	.499	-0.1	0.0	-1	$	/6
1951	32	STL	NL	51	202	-5	-3	-1	1	3	-5	-0.5	7	2	0.2	.491	.497	0.1	0.4	1	$	6
1952	33	SLB	AL	9	9	-0	0	-0	0	0	-0	-0.0	0	-0	0.0	.496	.500	0.0	0.0	-0	$	/64
8 Seasons				522	1960	-57	-5	1	9	31	-21	-2.4	68	46	4.5	.496	.499	3.5	4.1	37	$

PIT (4 yrs)				384	1609	-47	-2	2	4	25	-19	-2.1	56	37	3.5	.495	.497	3.1	3.0	33	$
BRO (3 yrs)				78	140	-4	-0	0	4	3	2	0.3	5	7	0.8	.503	.501	0.3	0.7	3	$
STL (1 yr)				51	202	-5	-3	-1	1	3	-5	-0.5	7	2	0.2	.491	.497	0.1	0.4	1	$
SLB (1 yr)				9	9	-0	0	-0	0	0	-0	-0.0	0	-0	0.0	.496	.500	0.0	0.0	-0	$

Advanced Batting

Year	Age	Tm	Lg	PA	Outs	RC	RC/G	AIR	BAbip	BA	lgBA	OBP	lgOBP	SLG	lgSLG	OPS	lgOPS	OPS+	OWn%	BtRuns	BtWins	TotA	SecA	ISO	PwrSpd
1946	27	BRO	NL	52	38	6	4.2	94	.283	.277	.264	.333	.339	.362	.369	.695	.709	96	.521	-0.4	-0.0	.595	.191	.085	.0
1947	28	BRO	NL	88	63	7	3.0	108	.273	.263	.278	.322	.353	.288	.412	.609	.765	61	.305	-4.7	-0.5	.500	.125	.025	.0
1948	29	PIT	NL	714	471	83	4.7	104	.305	.290	.271	.355	.346	.367	.402	.721	.748	94	.523	-4.8	-0.5	.698	.209	.076	6.9
1949	30	PIT	NL	625	447	49	2.9	106	.259	.244	.273	.309	.347	.285	.408	.594	.755	59	.306	-32.3	-3.2	.499	.138	.041	.0
1950	31	PIT	NL	253	179	23	3.4	111	.272	.257	.273	.313	.351	.317	.424	.631	.774	64	.357	-11.9	-1.2	.537	.148	.061	.0
1951	32	TOT	NL	219	163	20	3.3	103	.283	.267	.268	.308	.342	.332	.405	.640	.747	72	.360	-8.4	-0.8	.481	.099	.064
1951	32	PIT	NL	17	14	1	1.9	105	.200	.188	.270	.188	.344	.188	.409	.375	.753	0	.173	-2.3	-0.2	.231	.000	.000
1951	32	STL	NL	202	149	19	3.4	103	.290	.274	.268	.318	.342	.344	.405	.662	.747	78	.376	-6.1	-0.6	.503	.108	.070
1952	33	SLB	AL	9	7	0	0.0	98	.143	.143	.263	.333	.343	.143	.383	.476	.726	35	.000	-0.5	-0.1	.429	.286	.000
8 Yrs				1960	1368	188	3.7	105	.281	.266	.272	.327	.346	.326	.406	.653	.753	75	.405	-63.0	-6.3	.573	.162	.060	7.1
162 Game Avg.				608	425	58	3.7	105	.281	.266	.272	.327	.346	.326	.406	.653	.753	75	.405	-63.0	-6.3	.573	.162	.060	2

PIT (4 yrs)				1609	1111	156	3.7	105	.281	.266	.272	.329	.347	.325	.408	.654	.755	75	.412	-51.3	-5.1	.587	.170	.060	7.1
BRO (3 yrs)				140	101	13	3.4	103	.276	.268	.272	.326	.348	.315	.396	.641	.744	73	.386	-5.0	-0.5	.535	.150	.047	.0
STL (1 yr)				202	149	19	3.4	103	.290	.274	.268	.318	.342	.344	.405	.662	.747	78	.376	-6.1	-0.6	.503	.108	.070
SLB (1 yr)				9	7	0	0.0	98	.143	.143	.263	.333	.343	.143	.383	.476	.726	35	.000	-0.5	-0.1	.429	.286	.000

NL (7 yrs)				1951	1361	188	3.7	105	.281	.267	.272	.327	.347	.327	.407	.654	.753	75	.406	-62.4	-6.2	.574	.162	.060	7.1
AL (1 yr)				9	7	0	0.0	98	.143	.143	.263	.333	.343	.143	.383	.476	.726	35	.000	-0.5	-0.1	.429	.286	.000

Ratio Batting*

Year	Age	Tm	Lg	PA	HR%	SO%	BB%	XBH%	X/H%	SO/BB	AB/SO	AB/HR	AB/RBI	GO/AO	IP%
1946	27	BRO	NL	52	0.0%	1.9%	7.7%	5.8%	23%	0.25	47.0		23.5		88%
1947	28	BRO	NL	88	0.0%	3.4%	8.0%	1.1%	5%	0.43	26.7		11.4		88%
1948	29	PIT	NL	714	0.6%	5.7%	8.5%	5.0%	19%	0.67	15.6	160.3	12.6	0.99	83%
1949	30	PIT	NL	625	0.0%	5.0%	8.0%	3.4%	15%	0.62	18.0		18.0	1.18	84%
1950	31	PIT	NL	253	0.0%	5.1%	7.1%	5.1%	22%	0.72	17.7		13.5	1.08	86%
1951	32	TOT	NL	219	0.0%	5.0%	4.6%	4.6%	19%	1.10	18.4		14.4	0.98	87%
1951	32	PIT	NL	17	0.0%	5.9%	0.0%	0.0%	0%		16.0			2.33	88%
1951	32	STL	NL	202	0.0%	5.0%	5.0%	5.0%	20%	1.00	18.6		13.3	0.91	87%
1952	33	SLB	AL	9	0.0%	0.0%	22.2%	0.0%	0%	0.00				1.33	78%
8 Yrs				1960	0.2%	5.1%	7.8%	4.3%	18%	0.66	17.6	441.0	14.5	1.07	85%
MLB Averages					1.5%	9.5%	9.4%	6.0%	26%	1.01	9.4	59.3	8.5	0.97	78%

Win Probability

Year	Age	Tm	Lg	BtRuns	BtWins	Plays	WPA	WPA+	WPA-	aLI	WPA/LI	Clutch	RE24	REW	boLI	RE24/boLI	PHlev	AB
1942	23	BRO	NL	0.0	0.0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0		0.0		0.0	0.0		0.0

1946	27	BRO	NL	-0.4	-0.0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0		0.0		0.0	0.0		0.0
1947	28	BRO	NL	-4.8	-0.5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0		0.0		0.0	0.0		0.0
1948	29	PIT	NL	-4.8	-0.5	301	1.2	5.7	-4.6	.99	0.1	1.1	4.2	0.4	0.97	-0.6		0
1949	30	PIT	NL	-32.3	-3.2	386	-1.6	4.9	-6.5	1.00	-2.1	0.5	-24.0	-2.4	0.94	-23.8		0
1950	31	PIT	NL	-11.9	-1.2	210	-1.0	2.9	-3.9	1.03	-0.8	-0.2	-9.4	-0.9	0.92	-9.7	2.56	4
1951	32	TOT	NL	-8.4	-0.8	173	-1.3	2.1	-3.4	1.03	-0.9	-0.4	-12.6	-1.3	0.96	-11.1	2.58	1
1951	32	PIT	NL	-2.3	-0.2	16	-0.2	0.1	-0.3	.93	-0.1	-0.1	-1.4	-0.1	0.89	-1.7		0
1951	32	STL	NL	-6.1	-0.6	157	-1.1	2.0	-3.2	1.04	-0.8	-0.3	-11.2	-1.1	0.97	-9.4	2.58	1
1952	33	SLB	AL	-0.5	-0.1	8	-0.3	0.0	-0.4	1.71	-0.1	-0.1	-2.5	-0.3	1.39	-1.6	4.61	2
8 Yrs				-63.1	-6.3	1078	-3.1	15.7	-18.8	1.01	-3.8	0.7	-44.3	-4.4	0.95	-46.8	3.15	7

Baserunning & Misc. Stats*

Year	Age	Tm	Lg	ROE	RS%	SBO	SB	CS	SB%	SB2	CS2	CS3	SBH	CSH	PO	PCS	OOB	BT	XBT%	1^stS	1^stS2	1^stS3	1^stD	1^stD3	1^stDH	2^ndS	2^ndS3	2^ndSH
1948	29	PIT	NL	4	33%	134	24			12	2	1	0	0	2	0	7	2	50%	16	12	4	5	1	4	9	2	7
1949	30	PIT	NL	8	38%	155	4			1	4	1	1	1	2	0	5	2	40%	24	17	6	7	4	3	12	4	8
1950	31	PIT	NL	3	36%	95	2			3	1	0	0	0	3	0	5	1	50%	6	3	2	1	0	1	7	3	4
1951	32	TOT	NL	3	32%	50	0	3	0%	0	1	1	0	0	2	1	2	1	27%	14	13	1	3	1	2	5	1	3
1951	32	PIT	NL	1	0%	3	0	0		0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0%	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
1951	32	STL	NL	2	33%	47	0	3	0%	0	0	1	0	0	2	1	2	1	29%	13	12	1	3	1	2	5	1	3
1952	33	SLB	AL	0	0%	4	0	0		0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0		0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
8 Yrs				18	35%	438	32	3	1067%	16	8	3	1	1	9	1	19	6	41%	60	45	13	16	6	10	33	10	22

Situational Hitting*

						Hits			Pinch Hitting					Home Runs								SH			GIDP			PrdOut			BaseRunners			Advances
Year	Age	Tm	Lg	PA	Ptn%	H	Inf	Bnt	AB	H	HR	RBI	PHlev	All	GS	GSo	vRH	vLH	Hm	Rd	IP	Att	Suc	%	Opp	DP	%	Opp	Suc	%	BR	BRS	BRS%	<2,3B	Scr	%	0,2B	Adv	%	PAu
1948	29	PIT	NL	714	12%	186			0	0	0	0		4	0	9	1	0	3	1	0	5	8	160%	35	8	23%	13	6	46%	148	30	20%	10	7	70%	7	5	71%	0
1949	30	PIT	NL	625	12%	136			0	0	0	0		0	0	8	0	0	0	0	0	12	16	133%	56	10	18%	30	13	43%	190	16	8%	13	7	54%	11	8	73%	0
1950	31	PIT	NL	253	13%	59			4	0	0	0	2.56	0	0	3	0	0	0	0	0	2	4	200%	34	4	12%	16	6	38%	101	16	16%	12	6	50%	5	3	60%	0
1951	32	TOT	NL	219	51%	54			1	1	0	0	2.58	0	0	4	0	0	0	0	0	4	5	125%	38	7	18%	14	5	36%	105	9	9%	10	3	30%	6	3	50%	0
1951	32	PIT	NL	17	7%	3			0	0	0	0		0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	100%	3	0	0%	1	1	100%	6	0	0%	0	0		0	0		0
1951	32	STL	NL	202	55%	51			1	1	0	0	2.58	0	0	4	0	0	0	0	0	3	4	133%	35	7	20%	13	4	31%	99	9	9%	10	3	30%	6	3	50%	0
1952	33	SLB	AL	9	38%	1			2	0	0	0	4.61	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0		3	1	33%	3	0	0%	10	0	0%	2	0	0%	0	0		0
8 Yrs				1820	19%	470			7	1	0	0	3.15	4	0	25	1	0	3	1	0	23	35	152%	166	36	22%	76	30	39%	554	71	13%	47	23	49%	29	19	66%	0
MLB Averages					51%																			248%			27%			33%			15%			51%			55%

Cumulative Batting

Year	Age	G	PA	AB	R	H	2B	3B	HR	RBI	SB	CS	BB	SO	BA	OBP	SLG	OPS	OPS+	TB	GDP	HBP	SH
1946	27	46	52	47	12	13	2	1	0	2	1		4	1	.277	.333	.362	.695	96	17	3	0	1
1947	28	78	140	127	19	34	2	2	0	9	2		11	4	.268	.326	.315	.641	73	40	6	0	2
1948	29	234	854	768	104	220	29	7	4	60	26		72	45	.286	.350	.358	.708	90	275	14	3	10
1949	30	378	1479	1325	176	356	48	9	4	91	30		122	76	.269	.333	.328	.660	77	434	24	5	26
1950	31	454	1732	1555	204	415	60	10	4	108	32		140	89	.267	.330	.326	.656	75	507	28	6	30
1951	32	513	1951	1757	225	469	67	13	4	122	32	3	150	100	.267	.327	.327	.654	75	574	35	8	35
1952	33	522	1960	1764	225	470	67	13	4	122	32	3	152	100	.266	.327	.326	.653	75	575	36	8	35

Neutralized Batting

Change to: / / / or

All seasons are converted to 162-game seasons &
average team scoring of 716 total runs (4.42 R/G) How this works

Year	Age	G	PA	AB	R	H	2B	3B	HR	RBI	SB	BB	SO	BA	OBP	SLG	OPS	RC	Gact
1946	27	47	55	50	12	14	2	1	0	2	1	4	1	.280	.333	.360	.693	6	45
1947	28	33	91	83	7	21	0	1	0	7	1	7	3	.253	.311	.277	.588	7	32
1948	29	163	742	668	87	192	28	5	4	52	25	63	43	.287	.351	.362	.714	85	156
1949	30	150	643	574	71	137	19	2	0	30	4	50	32	.239	.302	.279	.581	48	144
1950	31	79	261	238	27	59	12	1	0	16	2	18	14	.248	.304	.307	.610	22	76
1951	32	61	227	210	21	56	7	3	0	14	0	10	11	.267	.306	.329	.635	21	59
1952	33	9	9	7	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	0	.000	.222	.000	.222	0	9
7 Yrs		542	2028	1830	225	479	68	13	4	121	33	154	104	.262	.322	.320	.641	189	521
162 Game Avg.		162	606	547	67	143	20	4	1	36	10	46	31	.262	.322	.320	.641	56	521

* Many Detailed Statistics are based on play-by-play accounts accumulated by RetroSheet. These totals may be incomplete (3.6% of all plays from 1918 to 1973 are missing or have incomplete accounts, click link for year and team summary) for some players prior to 1974 and even complete seasons may not match the official totals due to errors in both the official totals and the play-by-play accounts. Pre-1954 seasons have a substantial numbers of games missing play-by-play accounts and should be viewed as essentially incomplete.

Appearances on Leader Boards, Awards, and Honors

Stats are Year-Value-Rank · Glossary

MVP (yr lg (rk, shr)) 1948 NL (10, 15%) 0.15 Career Shares (809th)	Defensive WAR† s c a p y 1948 NL 1.6 (2nd) 1949 NL 1.2 (6th)	Games Played s c a p y 1948 NL 156 (1st)	At Bats s c a p y 1948 NL 641 (1st)
Plate Appearances s c a p y 1948 NL 714 (1st)	Hits s c a p y 1948 NL 186 (3rd)	Doubles s c a p y 1948 NL 27 (9th)	Stolen Bases s c a p y 1948 NL 24 (3rd)
Singles s c a p y 1948 NL 150 (1st)	Times On Base s c a p y 1948 NL 250 (6th)	Sacrifice Hits s c a p y 1949 NL 16 (3rd)	AB per SO s c a p y 1948 NL 15.6 (10th) 1949 NL 18.0 (9th)
Outs Made s c a p y 1948 NL 471 (1st) 1949 NL 447 (7th)

Hall Of Fame Statistics

Player rank in (·)

Black Ink	Batting - 2 (608), Average HOFer ≈ 27
Gray Ink	Batting - 9 (1472), Average HOFer ≈ 144
Hall of Fame Standards	Batting - 3 (2531), Average HOFer ≈ 50

Similarity Scores

Explanation of Similarity Scores

Similar Batters

Compare Stats to Similars

Jimmy Cooney (971)
Elvis Andrus (962)
Brendan Ryan (958)
Joe Boley (955)
Bill Hunnefield (953)
Doc Farrell (951)
Jimmy Esmond (950)
Bob Fisher (949)
Irv Hall (945)
Ike Caveney (942)

Most Similar by Ages

Hold mouse over #'s to see names

Sparky Adams (985) 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 C
Rudy Hulswitt (962) 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 C
Parke Wilson (952) 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 C
Jimmy Cooney (970) 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 C
Jimmy Cooney (971) 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 C

Other Resources & Links

Error? Compare Search SABR's Baseball Index Other Links@google.com Baseball Library Baseball-Almanac.com Retrosheet The Baseball Cube The Baseball Page WhatIfSports: Stan Rojek

Viewed 6,050 times through May 31, 2012.
Name and misspellings: Happy Stanley Andrew Rabbit Stan stanley stanly Rojek

Player Page Tricks and Tips

Sum any set of rows by clicking anywhere (not red or blue) on the first and last rows of your selection. We will then compute the totals for the player between and including those two seasons.
Default Setting for this feature: Turn On / Turn Off
Summation of season totals only works for the initial case when the table is in year order. On a sorted table the results may get a bit goofy.

HIGHLIGHTING: Adding a range or series of player's career seasons or career game numbers (like '#1972:batting_standard', '#1970-1980-sum:batting_standard', or '#1998,1999,2001,2002,sum:pitching_standard') onto the end of a player page url causes the seasons to the highlighted and summed. After changing address bar, reload the page to see highlighting. This will work even in links e-mailed to others. Note that for tables with multiple pages the first table is the default. If you want to create a sum for a table other than the first one, select the rows and after the summation window appears click on "permanent link" link.

The play-by-play information both shown and used to create certain data sets was obtained free of charge from and is copyrighted by RetroSheet.

Automatic Player Linking / Statistical Sharing Tool / Basic Player Linking / Data Coverage

See Front Page for time of last update

Much of the play-by-play, game results, and transaction information both shown and used to create certain data sets was obtained free of charge from and is copyrighted by RetroSheet.

Win Expectancy, Run Expectancy, and Leverage Index calculations provided by Tom Tango of InsideTheBook.com, and co-author of The Book: Playing the Percentages in Baseball.

Total Zone Rating and Wins above Replacement calculations provided by Sean Smith of BaseballProjection.com.

Full-year historical Major League statistics provided by Pete Palmer and Gary Gillette of 24-7 Baseball.

Player head shots courtesy of David Davis. Many thanks to him. We have only selected seasons (players who debuted before 1960) for which we believe the image has reverted into the public domain. We will quickly remove any images for which that can be shown to not be the case.Please let us know if you are aware of any such images on this site.

Play Index Loading Photos from the George Grantham Bain Collection at the Library of Congress.

A Sports Reference Site: About Baseball Reference | Found a bug or have a suggestion?
Privacy Statement | Conditions & Terms of Service | Use of Data

Part of the USA TODAY Sports Media Group.