You Are Here > Baseball-Reference.com > Players > Sixto Lezcano > 1980 Batting Gamelogs

Sixto Lezcano
Sixto Joaquin (Curras) Lezcano
Bats: Right , Throws: Right
Height: 5' 11" , Weight: 175 lb.

Born: November 28, 1953 in Arecibo, P.R.
Signed by the Milwaukee Brewers as an amateur free agent in 1970. (All Transactions)
Debut: September 10, 1974
Final Game: September 29, 1985
Relatives: Cousin of Carlos Lezcano
    About biographical information

Team Record in Appearances: 58-54 / in Starts: 58-52
Longest Hitting Streak: 5 games, Longest On Base Streak: 5 games.
Most games w/o HR: 30 games, Most games w/o RBI: 14 games.
Grand Slams: 1 in 13 bases loaded PA and 11 AB
Go-Ahead Hits: 8 (all hits where the team went from tied or behind to ahead, may have benefitted from errors)
RBI Opportunities   
Sixto Lezcano -- PA: 460RBI: 55    Actual Runners on Base: 280 (141-92-47),
ML Avg. Player with PA: 460RBI: 48 Avg. Runners on Base: 280 (136-95-48)

1980 Batting Gamelog

 · Click stat headers to sort · CSV · PRE ·
Click two rows to sum games (Clear)
 · More Tricks Below
Rk Gcar Gtm Date Tm Opp Rslt Inngs PA AB R H 2B 3B HR RBI BB IBB SO HBP SH SF ROE GDP SB CS BA OBP SLG OPS BOP Pos
1 674 1 Apr 10 MIL BOS W,9-5 CG 5 5 2 2 0 0 2 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .400 .400 1.600 2.000 6 RF
2 675 2 Apr 12 MIL BOS W,18-1 CG 5 3 1 1 1 0 0 3 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 .375 .400 1.250 1.650 6 RF
3 676 3 Apr 13 MIL BOS L,1-3 CG 4 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .250 .286 .833 1.119 6 RF
4 677 4 Apr 16 MIL @ TOR L,2-11 CG 4 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .188 .222 .625 .847 6 RF
5 678 5 Apr 17 MIL @ TOR L,0-1 CG 4 4 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 .200 .227 .550 .777 6 RF
6 679 6 Apr 18 MIL @ NYY W,3-2 CG 4 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .167 .192 .458 .651 6 RF
7 680 7 Apr 19 MIL @ NYY W,5-1 CG 4 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 .143 .167 .393 .560 6 RF
8 681 8 Apr 20 MIL @ NYY L,5-9 CG 4 3 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .161 .206 .484 .690 6 RF
9 682 9 Apr 21 MIL CLE W,7-5 CG(11) 5 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .143 .205 .429 .634 6 RF
10 683 10 Apr 22 MIL CLE W,8-4 CG 5 4 1 3 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .205 .273 .487 .760 6 RF
11 684 11 Apr 23 MIL CLE L,3-7 CG 4 4 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .209 .271 .465 .736 6 RF
12 685 12 Apr 25 MIL TOR L,3-5 CG 4 4 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .213 .269 .447 .716 6 RF
13 686 13 Apr 26 MIL TOR L,0-4 CG 4 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .200 .268 .420 .688 6 RF
14 687 14 Apr 27 MIL TOR L,2-8 CG 4 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .192 .283 .404 .687 6 RF
15 688 15 Apr 29 MIL @ CLE W,14-1 CG 5 5 1 2 0 0 1 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .211 .292 .456 .748 6 RF
May Tm Opp Rslt Inngs PA AB R H 2B 3B HR RBI BB IBB SO HBP SH SF ROE GDP SB CS BA OBP SLG OPS BOP Pos
16 689 16 May 2 MIL @ CHW W,8-0 CG 5 4 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 2 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 .197 .286 .426 .712 6 RF
17 690 17 May 3 MIL @ CHW W,4-1 CG 4 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .188 .284 .406 .690 6 RF
18 691 18 May 4 MIL @ CHW W,11-1 CG 5 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .176 .278 .382 .661 6 RF
19 692 19 May 5 MIL @ CHW L,7-11 4-GF 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .171 .272 .371 .643 5 PR RF
20 693 20 May 6 MIL NYY L,5-6 CG 4 3 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 .164 .259 .356 .615 6 RF
21 694 22 May 8 MIL BAL W,9-1 GS-8 4 4 2 2 1 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .182 .270 .416 .685 6 RF
22 695 23 May 9 MIL BAL L,2-5 CG 4 4 0 2 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .198 .280 .420 .699 6 RF
23 696 24 May 10 MIL BAL W,5-3 CG 4 4 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .188 .268 .400 .668 6 RF
24 697 25 May 11 MIL BAL W,5-4 CG 4 3 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .193 .277 .398 .675 6 RF
25 698 26 May 13 MIL CHW L,5-6 CG(10) 5 5 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .194 .274 .419 .693 6 RF
26 699 27 May 14 MIL CHW W,5-1 CG 4 4 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .196 .273 .423 .695 6 RF
27 700 28 May 15 MIL CHW L,4-6 CG 5 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 .190 .272 .410 .682 6 RF
28 701 29 May 16 MIL @ MIN L,3-4 CG 4 3 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .194 .280 .408 .687 6 RF
29 702 30 May 17 MIL @ MIN W,14-11 CG 5 4 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .196 .285 .402 .686 6 RF
30 703 31 May 18 MIL @ MIN L,4-10 CG 4 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 .189 .276 .387 .663 6 RF
31 704 32 May 19 MIL @ SEA L,3-4 CG(12) 6 5 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 .190 .278 .379 .658 6 RF
32 705 33 May 20 MIL @ SEA W,14-5 CG 5 5 1 2 2 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .198 .283 .397 .679 6 RF
33 706 34 May 21 MIL @ SEA L,5-6 CG 4 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .194 .282 .387 .669 6 RF
34 707 35 May 23 MIL MIN W,5-0 CG 3 3 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .205 .290 .394 .683 6 RF
35 708 36 May 24 MIL MIN W,4-0 GS-3 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .203 .288 .391 .678 6 RF
36 709 38 May 26 MIL SEA W,11-1 CG 5 5 1 2 1 1 0 2 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .211 .291 .414 .705 6 RF
37 710 39 May 27 MIL SEA W,4-1 CG 4 3 0 1 1 0 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 .213 .297 .419 .716 6 RF
38 711 40 May 28 MIL SEA W,7-0 CG 4 4 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .214 .296 .421 .717 6 RF
39 712 42 May 30 MIL @ BOS L,3-5 CG 4 3 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .217 .301 .420 .720 6 RF
June Tm Opp Rslt Inngs PA AB R H 2B 3B HR RBI BB IBB SO HBP SH SF ROE GDP SB CS BA OBP SLG OPS BOP Pos
40 713 45 Jun 2 MIL @ BAL L,8-9 CG(11) 5 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .212 .304 .411 .715 6 RF
41 714 46 Jun 3 MIL @ BAL W,3-0 CG 4 4 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .213 .302 .413 .716 6 RF
42 715 47 Jun 4 MIL @ BAL W,3-2 CG 4 3 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .216 .307 .412 .719 6 RF
43 716 48 Jun 6 MIL DET W,8-4 CG 5 5 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .222 .309 .411 .721 6 RF
44 717 49 Jun 7 MIL DET W,5-3 CG 4 4 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .222 .308 .407 .716 6 RF
45 718 50 Jun 8 MIL DET L,5-9 CG 4 3 2 2 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .230 .317 .418 .736 6 RF
46 719 51 Jun 10 MIL TEX L,1-3 CG 4 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .225 .311 .408 .719 6 RF
47 720 52 Jun 11 MIL TEX W,7-1 CG 4 4 2 2 0 0 2 3 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .231 .315 .445 .760 6 RF
48 721 53 Jun 12 MIL TEX W,8-1 CG 5 4 0 2 1 0 0 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .237 .322 .452 .774 6 RF
49 722 54 Jun 13 MIL KCR L,3-4 CG 4 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .240 .330 .453 .783 6 RF
50 723 55 Jun 14 MIL KCR W,5-2 CG 4 4 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .246 .333 .454 .787 6 RF
51 724 56 Jun 15 MIL KCR L,2-7 CG 3 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .242 .329 .446 .775 6 RF
52 725 57 Jun 16 (1) MIL @ DET L,5-6 CG 4 4 2 2 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .247 .332 .463 .795 6 DH
53 726 58 Jun 16 (2) MIL @ DET W,5-3 CG 4 3 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 .244 .326 .456 .782 4 RF
54 727 59 Jun 17 MIL @ DET L,0-3 CG 4 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .240 .324 .449 .773 4 DH
55 728 60 Jun 18 MIL @ TEX L,1-8 CG 4 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .235 .319 .440 .759 6 RF
56 729 61 Jun 19 MIL @ TEX W,10-4 CG 5 5 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .234 .316 .434 .750 6 RF
57 730 62 Jun 20 MIL @ KCR W,10-5 CG 5 3 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 .236 .322 .433 .755 6 RF
58 731 63 Jun 21 MIL @ KCR W,5-1 CG 4 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .231 .317 .425 .741 6 RF
59 732 64 Jun 22 MIL @ KCR L,4-7 CG 4 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .228 .316 .419 .734 6 RF
60 733 65 Jun 23 MIL @ OAK W,8-0 CG 4 3 2 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .229 .319 .422 .741 6 RF
61 734 66 Jun 24 MIL @ OAK W,5-3 CG 4 3 2 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 .231 .322 .434 .756 6 RF
62 735 67 Jun 25 MIL @ OAK W,5-2 CG 4 4 1 2 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .236 .324 .449 .773 6 RF
63 736 68 Jun 27 MIL @ CAL L,5-6 CG 4 4 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .236 .323 .450 .773 6 RF
64 737 69 Jun 28 MIL @ CAL W,11-5 CG 5 5 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .235 .321 .457 .778 6 RF
65 738 71 Jun 30 MIL OAK W,5-2 CG 4 3 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 .232 .316 .451 .768 6 RF
July Tm Opp Rslt Inngs PA AB R H 2B 3B HR RBI BB IBB SO HBP SH SF ROE GDP SB CS BA OBP SLG OPS BOP Pos
66 739 72 Jul 1 MIL OAK W,5-2 CG 4 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .229 .315 .446 .761 6 RF
67 740 73 Jul 2 MIL OAK L,3-5 CG(10) 4 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .225 .311 .439 .749 6 RF
68 741 74 Jul 3 MIL OAK L,5-7 CG 4 4 1 1 0 0 1 2 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .226 .310 .448 .757 5 RF
69 742 75 Jul 4 MIL CAL L,0-2 CG 4 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .223 .309 .442 .751 6 RF
70 743 76 Jul 5 MIL CAL W,4-3 CG 3 3 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .224 .309 .441 .750 6 RF
71 744 77 Jul 6 MIL CAL L,0-2 CG 3 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .223 .310 .438 .747 6 RF
72 745 78 Jul 10 (1) MIL BOS W,2-1 CG 3 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .220 .306 .432 .739 6 RF
73 746 79 Jul 10 (2) MIL BOS L,0-7 CG 4 3 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 .221 .309 .431 .740 6 RF
74 747 80 Jul 11 MIL BOS W,7-6 CG 4 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .218 .305 .425 .730 6 RF
75 748 81 Jul 12 MIL @ TOR W,9-2 CG 5 5 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .218 .303 .421 .724 6 RF
76 749 82 Jul 13 (1) MIL @ TOR L,1-4 CG 4 4 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .218 .303 .422 .724 2 RF
77 750 85 Jul 15 MIL BAL L,3-7 CG 4 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .215 .299 .416 .715 6 RF
78 751 86 Jul 16 MIL BAL L,4-10 CG 4 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .212 .295 .410 .705 6 RF
79 752 87 Jul 17 MIL BAL L,0-1 CG 3 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .210 .292 .406 .698 6 RF
80 753 88 Jul 18 MIL CHW W,5-1 CG 4 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 .207 .289 .400 .689 6 RF
81 754 89 Jul 19 MIL CHW L,7-10 7-GF 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .206 .288 .399 .687 7 RF
82 755 90 Jul 20 MIL CHW W,7-6 CG 4 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .203 .284 .393 .678 6 RF
83 756 91 Jul 21 MIL @ NYY W,7-4 CG 5 5 0 2 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .207 .286 .400 .686 6 RF
84 757 92 Jul 22 (1) MIL @ NYY L,0-3 CG 4 4 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .207 .286 .405 .690 6 DH
85 758 97 Jul 27 MIL @ BAL L,4-5 CG(12) 5 5 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 .207 .284 .401 .686 6 DH
86 759 98 Jul 29 MIL @ CHW W,7-1 CG 4 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 .205 .282 .397 .679 6 RF
87 760 99 Jul 30 MIL @ CHW L,5-6 CG 4 4 1 2 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .209 .285 .399 .683 6 RF
88 761 100 Jul 31 MIL NYY L,6-7 CG(11) 5 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 .206 .281 .393 .673 6 RF
August Tm Opp Rslt Inngs PA AB R H 2B 3B HR RBI BB IBB SO HBP SH SF ROE GDP SB CS BA OBP SLG OPS BOP Pos
89 762 101 Aug 1 MIL NYY L,4-9 CG 4 4 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .209 .283 .394 .677 6 RF
90 763 102 Aug 2 MIL NYY L,3-5 CG 4 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 .207 .280 .389 .669 6 RF
91 764 103 Aug 3 MIL NYY W,2-0 CG 4 4 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .207 .280 .387 .667 6 RF
92 765 104 Aug 4 MIL @ BOS L,2-7 CG 4 3 1 2 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .211 .285 .393 .677 6 RF
93 766 105 Aug 5 MIL @ BOS L,1-3 CG 3 3 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .215 .288 .398 .686 6 RF
94 767 106 Aug 6 MIL @ BOS W,9-4 CG 5 5 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .215 .286 .395 .682 6 RF
95 768 107 Aug 7 MIL @ BOS L,3-7 CG 4 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 .213 .284 .392 .676 6 RF
96 769 109 Aug 9 MIL CLE W,4-2 CG 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .213 .287 .391 .678 6 RF
97 770 114 Aug 13 MIL TOR W,5-4 CG 4 4 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .213 .287 .389 .676 6 RF
98 771 115 Aug 14 MIL TOR W,4-2 CG 4 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .211 .284 .385 .669 6 RF
99 772 116 Aug 15 MIL @ CLE W,4-1 CG 4 4 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .211 .284 .392 .675 6 RF
100 773 117 Aug 16 MIL @ CLE W,10-5 CG 5 5 0 1 1 0 0 2 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .211 .283 .392 .674 6 RF
101 774 118 Aug 17 (1) MIL @ CLE W,4-0 CG 4 3 1 3 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 .217 .290 .405 .694 6 RF
102 775 119 Aug 17 (2) MIL @ CLE W,11-1 CG 5 5 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .217 .288 .402 .691 6 RF
103 776 120 Aug 18 MIL DET W,12-5 CG 4 4 1 2 0 0 0 2 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .220 .290 .403 .694 6 RF
104 777 121 Aug 19 MIL DET L,2-6 CG 4 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .218 .288 .399 .687 6 RF
105 778 122 Aug 20 MIL DET L,6-8 CG 4 4 1 4 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .226 .294 .413 .707 6 RF
106 779 123 Aug 22 (1) MIL @ TEX L,6-12 CG 4 4 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .226 .294 .411 .705 6 RF
107 780 128 Aug 26 MIL KCR L,6-7 CG 4 4 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 .226 .294 .410 .703 6 RF
108 781 129 Aug 27 MIL KCR L,4-5 CG 4 4 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .227 .293 .408 .701 6 RF
109 782 130 Aug 28 MIL @ DET L,7-11 CG 6 5 2 2 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .229 .296 .418 .714 6 RF
110 783 131 Aug 29 MIL @ DET L,2-8 CG 4 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 .227 .293 .414 .707 6 RF
111 784 132 Aug 30 MIL @ DET W,6-4 CG 4 3 1 1 0 0 1 2 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .227 .295 .421 .716 6 RF
112 785 133 Aug 31 MIL @ DET W,11-6 GS-5 3 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 .229 .298 .421 .719 6 RF
Catcher Interference: None

Sum any set of rows by clicking anywhere (not red or blue) on the first and last rows of your selection. We will then compute the totals for the player between those two games.
Default Setting for this feature: Turn On / Turn Off
Summation of game totals only works for the moment when the table is in date of game order. On a sorted table the results may get a bit goofy
Tutorial Video of Gamelog Features & Tools

HIGHLIGHTING: Adding a range or series of player's career game numbers (like '#2967', '#2407-2450-sum', or '#227,230,245,sum') onto the end of a gamelog url causes the games to the highlighted and summed. After changing address bar, reload the page to see highlighting. This will work even in links e-mailed to others.