Summary of 117 Home Runs Allowed

2 leading off, 5 walk-off, 16 tying, 30 go ahead

13 Tms
HOU 51
CHW 19
NYM 12
OAK 11
PIT 5
Platoon
vs RHB 70
vs LHB 47
Home/Road
Away 61
Home 56
Outs
0 45
1 36
2 36
30 Opps
STL 9
LAD 8
SFG 7
CIN 7
CHC 7
30 Parks
MinuteMaidPk (HOU) 29
Guaranteed (CHI) 11
RingCentral Col (OAK) 6
Dodger Stad (LOS) 6
Wrigley Fld (CHI) 5
Where Hit
7 41
9 41
8 14
78 11
89 9
General field locations
when available.
Pitches
3 26
2 22
1 18
5 16
7+ 14
Pitches in PA
when available.
Game Totals
1·HR gms 87
2·HR gms 15
Gms w/ this # = 0
are not shown.
Bases
--- 62
1-- 17
-2- 16
12- 12
123 6
Inning
1 7
2 4
3 7
4 5
5 3
RelScore
+4.. 9
+3 8
+2 7
+1 9
Tied 18
Before event,
for batter
Count
0-0 18
1-1 18
2-2 15
3-2 12
1-2 12
Pitch data mostly complete since 1988.
DefPos
RF 21
3B 20
1B 17
LF 13
2B 12
OrderPos
3rd 23
4th 19
6th 17
5th 15
7th 11
Leverage
High Lev 38
Medium Lev 32
Low Lev 47

Play By Play

Play By Play
1999 #car #yr #gm Date Batter @Bat   Score Inn Out RoB Pit(cnt) R BOP Pos bWPA bWE Notes Play Description
11111999-06-26Ryan KleskoATLNYMtied 0-0b 1212-5,(2-2) BBF2FX35723%78%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep RF); B. Boone Scores; B. Jordan Scores
22211999-07-19Will ClarkBALNYMbehind 0-2b 50---3,(1-1) BFX16312%43%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep CF-RF)
33311999-07-24Sammy SosaCHC@NYMtied 0-0t 31---2,(1-0) BX13911%59%Home Run (Fly Ball)
44411999-07-31Gary GaettiCHCNYMahead 3-0b 111236,(3-2) BFSBBX48510%95%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep LF-CF); H. Rodríguez Scores; J. Hernández Scores; J. Reed Scores
55521999-07-31Sammy SosaCHCNYMahead 7-3b 201--7,(3-2) BFBSFBX2396%94%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep RF); M. Morandini Scores
66611999-08-16Phil NevinSDPNYMbehind 0-2b 7012-7,(3-2) BBFSFBX34540%79%Home Run (Line Drive to Deep LF); T. Gwynn Scores; J. Vander Wal Scores
77711999-08-22 (1)Joe McEwingSTL@NYMtied 0-0t 10---3,(1-1) CBX1149%59%Lead-OffHome Run (Fly Ball to Deep LF)
88821999-08-22 (1)Mark McGwireSTL@NYMahead 1-0t 11---3,(1-1) BSX1339%66%Home Run (Fly Ball)
99911999-09-01Jeff BagwellHOUNYMbehind 1-3b 40---2,(1-0) BX13311%44%Home Run (Fly Ball)
10101011999-09-14Vinny CastillaCOLNYMahead 3-0b 321--4,(2-1) BSBX26510%89%Home Run (Fly Ball); T. Helton Scores
11111121999-09-14Edgard ClementeCOLNYMahead 5-0b 32---4,(1-2) BSFX1784%93%Home Run (Fly Ball)
12121211999-09-28Brian JordanATL@NYMahead 4-0t 30---1,(0-0) X1595%90%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep LF)
2000 #car #yr #gm Date Batter @Bat   Score Inn Out RoB Pit(cnt) R BOP Pos bWPA bWE Notes Play Description
1313112000-04-07Scott RolenPHI@HOUtied 0-0t 70---1,(0-0) X14517%67%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep LF)
1414212000-04-12Jim EdmondsSTL@HOUtied 0-0t 21---4,(1-2) CFBX15810%57%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep LF)
1515322000-04-12Thomas HowardSTL@HOUbehind 3-4t 601--3,(0-2) FFX26923%64%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep LF); J. Edmonds Scores
1616412000-04-18Adrián BeltréLADHOUbehind 1-2b 42---2,(0-1) CX17514%51%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep LF)
1717522000-04-18Todd HundleyLADHOUbehind 2-3b 61-2-1,(0-0) X26228%72%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep RF); E. Karros Scores
1818612000-05-06Todd HundleyLADHOUahead 2-1b 321236,(2-2) CBFBFX46223%92%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep RF); M. Grudzielanek Scores; S. Green Scores; E. Karros Scores
1919722000-05-06Eric KarrosLADHOUahead 6-3b 511--2,(1-0) BX2537%96%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep LF); S. Green Scores
2020812000-05-12Aaron BooneCIN@HOUbehind 1-3t 62---2,(0-1) FX17511%29%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep LF)
2121912000-05-19José VidroMONHOUtied 0-0b 11---4,(1-2) BCFX1249%62%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep RF)
22221012000-05-24Doug GlanvillePHI@HOUbehind 2-7t 71--33,(2-0) BBX2185%10%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep LF); R. Ducey Scores
23231112000-05-29Todd HeltonCOLHOUbehind 0-1b 20---1,(0-0) X1439%56%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep CF)
24241212000-06-04Ray DurhamCHW@HOUtied 0-0t 10---1,(0-0) X1149%59%Lead-OffHome Run (Fly Ball to Deep LF)
25251322000-06-04Chris SingletonCHW@HOUahead 1-0t 20---4,(1-2) BFFX1589%68%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep RF)
26261412000-06-09Al MartinSDPHOUbehind 0-4b 40---5,(3-1) BFBBX1277%22%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep RF)
27271512000-06-21Gary SheffieldLAD@HOUahead 2-1t 31---4,(1-2) BFFX13710%67%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep CF)
28281622000-06-21Eric KarrosLAD@HOUbehind 4-6t 711--3,(1-1) FBX25325%46%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep LF); G. Sheffield Scores
29291712000-06-26Danny KlassenARIHOUbehind 0-1b 50---7,(2-2) FBCFBFX17514%57%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep RF)
30301822000-06-26Luis GonzalezARIHOUtied 1-1b 60---1,(0-0) X13715%73%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep LF)
31311912000-07-01Mark McGwireSTLHOUbehind 0-2b 1112-1,(0-0) X34322%62%Home Run (Fly Ball to LF-CF); J. Drew Scores; J. Edmonds Scores
32322022000-07-01Craig PaquetteSTLHOUbehind 3-7b 40---5,(1-2) SSFBX1747%23%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep CF)
33332112000-08-05José VidroMON@HOUbehind 7-9t 911--5,(1-2) FFBFX22434%43%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep RF); P. Bergeron Scores
34342212000-08-07Derek BellNYM@HOUbehind 4-5t 92---1,(0-0) X12934%38%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep LF-CF)
35352312000-08-15Pat MearesPIT@HOUbehind 3-5t 91---3,(1-1) CBX1866%10%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep LF)
36362412000-08-16Alex RamírezPIT@HOUbehind 7-11t 90-238,(3-2) CBSBBFFX34PH9%18%Home Run (Fly Ball to LF-CF); J. Kendall Scores/unER; K. Osik Scores
37372512000-09-11Barry BondsSFG@HOUbehind 5-7t 901--4,(1-2) CCBX23733%50%Home Run (Fly Ball to CF-RF); B. Mueller Scores
38382612000-09-24Chris StynesCINHOUbehind 2-3b 92-2-2,(0-1) FX26585%100%Walk-OffHome Run (Fly Ball to Deep LF); K. Bartee Scores
2001 #car #yr #gm Date Batter @Bat   Score Inn Out RoB Pit(cnt) R BOP Pos bWPA bWE Notes Play Description
3939112001-04-12Tyler HoustonMILHOUbehind 0-1b 401--4,(1-2) BFSX26521%69%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep RF); J. Burnitz Scores
4040212001-05-01Mike PiazzaNYMHOUtied 0-0b 32-2-2,(0-1) SX24220%74%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep LF); E. Alfonzo Scores
4141312001-06-03Tim BogarLAD@HOUtied 8-8t 102---4,(2-1) CBBX19PH40%79%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep LF)
4242412001-09-26Mark McGwireSTL@HOUahead 4-0t 80---2,(1-0) BX1332%98%Home Run (Fly Ball to LF-CF)
4343512001-10-02Ramón MartínezSFG@HOUahead 3-1t 82---5,(0-2) CFFFX1758%91%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep LF)
2002 #car #yr #gm Date Batter @Bat   Score Inn Out RoB Pit(cnt) R BOP Pos bWPA bWE Notes Play Description
4444112002-04-10Todd ZeileCOLHOUahead 2-1b 81-2-3,(1-1) BCX2559%97%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep RF); T. Helton Scores
4545212002-04-20J.T. SnowSFG@HOUahead 11-9t 901--1,(0-0) X2635%98%Home Run (Fly Ball to CF-RF); P. Feliz Scores
4646312002-04-23Álex GonzálezFLAHOUbehind 2-3b 80---3,(1-1) BFX12631%60%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep LF)
4747412002-05-01Vladimir GuerreroMON@HOUbehind 2-3t 7212-3,(2-0) BBX33949%78%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep RF); B. Wilkerson Scores; J. Vidro Scores
4848512002-05-31Sammy SosaCHCHOUbehind 0-2b 81---2,(1-0) BX13912%24%Home Run (Fly Ball to CF-RF)
4949612002-06-09Miguel TejadaOAKHOUtied 6-6b 80---6,(2-2) CBFBFX13625%86%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep LF)
5050712002-06-20Tyler HoustonMILHOUbehind 2-9b 92---1,(0-0) X1250%0%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep RF)
2003 #car #yr #gm Date Batter @Bat   Score Inn Out RoB Pit(cnt) R BOP Pos bWPA bWE Notes Play Description
5151112003-04-08Jason LaRueCIN@HOUtied 1-1t 100---3,(1-1) .BFX18233%83%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep LF)
5252212003-05-01Gary SheffieldATL@HOUtied 5-5t 72---5,(2-2) FBSBX13921%64%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep LF)
5353312003-06-20Alex RodriguezTEXHOUbehind 2-5b 82---4,(0-2) CFFX1366%11%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep CF)
5454412003-07-11Abraham NúñezPIT@HOUbehind 1-4t 80---10,(3-2) .FSFFBBBFFX1867%14%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep RF)
5555512003-07-13Aramis RamírezPIT@HOUbehind 0-5t 82--31,(0-0) X2452%4%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep LF); J. Kendall Scores
5656612003-07-19Jason LaRueCINHOUbehind 5-9b 9112-2,(1-0) ..BX37PH7%11%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep RF); A. Boone Scores; R. Mateo Scores
5757712003-07-25Moisés AlouCHC@HOUtied 3-3t 811--5,(3-1) BBFB>X24734%84%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep LF); M. Grudzielanek Scores
5858812003-08-24D'Angelo JimenezCIN@HOUbehind 2-5t 80---6,(2-2) .CFBFBX1347%14%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep RF)
5959912003-08-28Jeromy BurnitzLAD@HOUahead 4-3t 82---2,(0-1) FX16714%83%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep RF)
2004 #car #yr #gm Date Batter @Bat   Score Inn Out RoB Pit(cnt) R BOP Pos bWPA bWE Notes Play Description
6060112004-04-13Jim EdmondsSTLHOUbehind 1-5b 90---7,(2-2) CCBFFBX1482%4%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep RF)
6161222004-04-13Scott RolenSTLHOUbehind 2-5b 90---3,(1-1) CBX1555%9%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep LF)
6262312004-05-03D'Angelo JimenezCIN@HOUahead 6-5t 90---8,(2-2) .CCFBBFFX1149%92%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep RF)
6363412004-05-16Mike PiazzaNYM@HOUbehind 0-2t 92-2-5,(1-2) BFSFX24335%39%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep CF); E. Valent Scores
6464512004-06-26A.J. PierzynskiSFG@OAKbehind 3-7t 9012-1,(0-0) X36210%17%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep RF); B. Bonds Scores; P. Feliz Scores
6565612004-07-04J.T. SnowSFGOAKbehind 5-9b 90---1,(0-0) ..X19PH2%4%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep RF)
6666712004-08-04Gary SheffieldNYYOAKbehind 4-6b 911--3,(1-1) BFX23947%59%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep LF); D. Jeter Scores
6767812004-08-06Shannon StewartMINOAKbehind 0-1b 90---3,(1-1) .SBX11743%65%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep RF)
6868912004-08-08Justin MorneauMINOAKbehind 3-6b 180-2-9,(3-2) BC>B.CFFBFX24DH12%22%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep CF); L. Ford Scores
69691012004-08-29Aubrey HuffTBD@OAKbehind 4-6t 92---2,(0-1) CX1333%4%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep RF)
70701122004-08-29José CruzTBD@OAKbehind 5-6t 92---1,(0-0) X14935%39%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep RF)
71711212004-09-23Hank BlalockTEXOAKbehind 2-4b 91---10,(3-2) CBFBBFFFFX1258%14%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep RF)
72721312004-09-24Dallas McPhersonANAOAKbehind 2-6b 91---3,(1-1) FBX1751%2%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep LF)
2005 #car #yr #gm Date Batter @Bat   Score Inn Out RoB Pit(cnt) R BOP Pos bWPA bWE Notes Play Description
7373112005-05-10Kevin MillarBOSOAKbehind 1-2b 911--5,(2-2) BFBFX25378%100%Walk-OffHome Run (Line Drive to Deep LF); D. Ortiz Scores
7474212005-05-11Jason VaritekBOSOAKbehind 4-5b 911--3,(1-1) BFX26278%100%Walk-OffHome Run (Fly Ball to Deep RF); D. Ortiz Scores
2006 #car #yr #gm Date Batter @Bat   Score Inn Out RoB Pit(cnt) R BOP Pos bWPA bWE Notes Play Description
7575112006-09-18Troy GlausTORNYYbehind 3-7b 9112-5,(3-1) .BBBCX3558%12%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep CF); V. Wells Scores; L. Overbay Scores
7676212006-09-28Ramón HernándezBAL@NYYahead 5-1t 91---1,(0-0) X1621%99%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep RF)
2007 #car #yr #gm Date Batter @Bat   Score Inn Out RoB Pit(cnt) R BOP Pos bWPA bWE Notes Play Description
7777112007-05-23Travis HafnerCLE@KCRbehind 5-11t 90-2-2,(0-1) CX23DH1%2%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep CF-RF); C. Blake Scores
7878212007-06-24Corey HartMILKCRbehind 2-3b 91---7,(3-2) SFBFBBX11947%58%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep CF)
7979312007-07-28Nelson CruzTEX@KCRbehind 3-6t 91-2-3,(1-1) >C.BX2895%10%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep LF); B. Wilkerson Scores
8080412007-08-04Garrett AtkinsCOL@ATLbehind 0-6t 811233,(0-2) CFX4357%10%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep LF); Y. Torrealba Scores; C. Sullivan Scores/unER; K. Matsui Scores
2008 #car #yr #gm Date Batter @Bat   Score Inn Out RoB Pit(cnt) R BOP Pos bWPA bWE Notes Play Description
8181112008-04-22Bobby AbreuNYY@CHWbehind 2-3t 721233,(2-0) BBX43951%87%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep LF); M. Ensberg Scores; M. Cabrera Scores; J. Damon Scores
8282212008-06-12Miguel CabreraDETCHWtied 1-1b 91---4,(2-1) BSBX15341%100%Walk-OffHome Run (Fly Ball to Deep RF)
8383312008-06-20Derrek LeeCHCCHWbehind 1-3b 70---1,(0-0) .X13314%38%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep RF)
8484422008-06-20Aramis RamírezCHCCHWbehind 2-3b 70---5,(2-2) BCFBX14522%59%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep LF-CF)
8585512008-07-31Jason KubelMINCHWtied 4-4b 7212-5,(2-2) FFB*BX36DH36%93%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep RF); J. Morneau Scores; D. Young Scores
8686612008-08-08Dustin PedroiaBOS@CHWbehind 0-4t 8112-7,(2-2) BBCFFFX32414%21%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep LF Line); J. Varitek Scores; J. Drew Scores
8787712008-08-15Mark EllisOAKCHWbehind 2-4b 80---7,(3-2) ...BBCCFBX12414%30%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep LF)
8888822008-08-15Jack CustOAKCHWbehind 3-4b 82---3,(0-2) CCX15933%53%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep RF)
8989912008-08-22Rocco BaldelliTBR@CHWahead 3-2t 80---2,(0-1) .CX14DH12%85%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep LF)
90901022008-08-22Ben ZobristTBR@CHWahead 4-2t 80-2-6,(3-2) BFBFBX2677%96%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep CF-RF); W. Aybar Scores
91911112008-09-10Alex RíosTOR@CHWbehind 0-5t 811--3,(1-1) .BFX23DH3%5%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep LF-CF); J. Bautista Scores
92921212008-09-14 (2)Marcus ThamesDET@CHWbehind 3-7t 811231,(0-0) X46733%45%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep LF-CF); P. Polanco Scores; M. Ordóñez Scores; M. Cabrera Scores
2009 #car #yr #gm Date Batter @Bat   Score Inn Out RoB Pit(cnt) R BOP Pos bWPA bWE Notes Play Description
9393112009-05-24Eric HinskePIT@CHWbehind 1-3t 82---3,(2-0) BBX1539%17%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep RF)
9494212009-06-04Aaron CunninghamOAK@CHWahead 4-0t 91-2-5,(2-2) >C.BFBX2791%100%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep LF); B. Crosby Scores
9595312009-06-29Ryan GarkoCLECHWbehind 1-6b 92--33,(1-1) .BCX2730%0%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep RF); J. Peralta Scores
9696412009-07-04Brayan PeñaKCRCHWahead 5-4b 82---2,(1-0) BX16DH9%93%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep RF)
9797512009-08-24J.D. DrewBOSCHWahead 9-7b 72---5,(3-1) FBBBX1897%92%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep RF)
9898612009-09-06Víctor MartínezBOS@CHWahead 3-1t 9212-3,(2-0) BBX3328%99%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep RF); Á. González Scores; J. Ellsbury Scores
9999712009-09-22Jason KubelMIN@CHWahead 7-5t 80---2,(1-0) BX1497%92%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep CF-RF)
2010 #car #yr #gm Date Batter @Bat   Score Inn Out RoB Pit(cnt) R BOP Pos bWPA bWE Notes Play Description
100100112010-04-13Eugenio VélezSFGPITbehind 3-6b 90-2-6,(3-2) BBBCFX29910%19%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep RF); N. Schierholtz Scores
101101212010-04-18Jay BruceCIN@PITbehind 2-5t 92---2,(0-1) FX1791%1%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep RF Line)
102102312010-04-26Alcides EscobarMILPITahead 10-2b 81-2-6,(1-2) C*BSFFX2860%100%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep LF-CF); G. Zaun Scores
103103412010-06-13Miguel CabreraDETPITbehind 1-2b 8212-3,(1-1) .BSX34364%93%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep CF-RF); C. Guillén Scores; J. Damon Scores
104104512010-07-11Corey HartMILPITbehind 4-5b 91-2-2,(1-0) BX22972%100%Walk-OffHome Run (Fly Ball to Deep LF); D. Bush Scores
105105612010-08-05Chris DenorfiaSDP@LADahead 3-0t 901--4,(2-1) BMBX2972%99%IPHRInside-the-park Home Run to LF (Ground Ball); T. Gwynn Scores
106106712010-09-04Pat BurrellSFG@LADbehind 2-4t 80---8,(2-2) ..CCFBFBFX19PH12%24%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep LF-CF)
107107812010-09-12Carlos LeeHOULADahead 6-4b 82---1,(0-0) X1474%97%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep LF)
108108912010-09-23Chris YoungARICOLahead 9-6b 80---2,(1-0) .BX1482%99%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep LF)
2011 #car #yr #gm Date Batter @Bat   Score Inn Out RoB Pit(cnt) R BOP Pos bWPA bWE Notes Play Description
109109112011-04-18Jacoby EllsburyBOSTORahead 8-0b 70---5,(1-2) .BSCFX1980%100%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep CF-RF)
110110212011-04-27Mitch MorelandTEXTORtied 6-6b 70---2,(0-1) .CX19919%78%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep CF)
111111312011-05-09Víctor MartínezDET@TORahead 6-2t 711--2,(1-0) BX25DH4%98%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep RF); B. Boesch Scores
112112412011-06-08Billy ButlerKCRTORbehind 4-9b 8212-5,(3-1) .BBBCX35DH7%9%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep LF); E. Hosmer Scores; J. Francoeur Scores
113113512011-07-20Dustin AckleySEA@TORbehind 4-11t 911--2,(1-0) *BX2340%0%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep RF Line); B. Ryan Scores
114114612011-09-17Raúl IbañezPHISTLahead 5-2b 821233,(1-1) CBX4672%100%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep RF Line); S. Victorino Scores/Team unER; C. Utley Scores/Team unER; H. Pence Scores/Team unER; R. Ibañez Scores/Team unER
2012 #car #yr #gm Date Batter @Bat   Score Inn Out RoB Pit(cnt) R BOP Pos bWPA bWE Notes Play Description
115115112012-05-04Gordon BeckhamCHW@DETtied 2-2t 72-2-4,(2-1) BB.FX29431%79%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep LF); B. Morel Scores
116116212012-06-01Alex RodriguezNYY@DETahead 7-4t 92-2-6,(2-2) BFSBFX2453%99%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep LF-CF); C. Granderson Scores
117117312012-09-10Gordon BeckhamCHWDETahead 4-1b 82-2-7,(3-2) CF1F1>B.B*BX2942%99%Home Run (Fly Ball to Deep LF); A. Ramírez Scores

About the SABR Home Run Encyclopedia