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You Are Here > Baseball-Reference.com > Box Scores > 1978 > Jul 16, 1978, Tigers at Angels Box Score and Play by Play
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| Standings at end of play this day | ||
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Angel Stadium of Anaheim, Attendance: 21,447 |
Sunday, July 16, 1978 Time of Game: 2:32 |
|
|
Tigers
4
44-44
Won 1
5th, 16 GB
|
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 R H E
- - - - - - - - - - - -
Tigers 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 1 0 4 9 0
Angels 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 1
W: Jack Billingham (8-5), L: Dave Frost (2-2) |
Angels
0
49-41
Lost 1
1st
|
Batting Stats
Detroit Tigers AB R H RBI BB SO BA OPS Pit Str PO A Details R LeFlore CF 3 1 1 0 1 0 .285 .735 4 0 SB,HBP L Whitaker 2B 4 1 0 0 1 0 .300 .680 2 5 R Staub DH 5 1 3 3 0 0 .298 .808 0 0 HR J Thompson 1B 3 1 0 0 2 0 .289 .873 8 0 S Kemp LF 5 0 0 0 0 0 .272 .779 3 0 GDP M May C 4 0 1 0 0 0 .264 .718 5 0 T Corcoran RF 4 0 2 0 0 0 .256 .602 3 0 P Mankowski 3B 4 0 2 0 0 1 .300 .758 0 0 GDP A Rodriguez 3B 0 0 0 0 0 0 .254 .689 0 0 A Trammell SS 3 0 0 1 1 0 .274 .657 2 4 J Billingham P 0 0 Totals 35 4 9 0 5 1 27 9
Batting Events
HR: R Staub (12, off D Frost; 3rd inn, 2 on, 0 outs to RF).
HBP: R LeFlore (3, by D Frost).
TB: R Staub 6; P Mankowski 2; T Corcoran 2; R LeFlore; M May.
GIDP: P Mankowski (5); S Kemp (5).
RBI: R Staub 3 (71); A Trammell (16).
2-out RBI: A Trammell.
Team LOB: 10.
With RISP: 2 for 10.
Fielding Events
DP: 2. A Trammell-L Whitaker-J Thompson; L Whitaker-J Thompson.
Baserunning Events
SB: R LeFlore (32, 2nd base off D Frost/B Downing).
California Angels AB R H RBI BB SO BA OPS Pit Str PO A Details R Miller CF 5 0 1 0 0 1 .280 .734 3 0 B Grich 2B 3 0 0 0 1 0 .232 .650 1 7 L Bostock RF 4 0 2 0 0 0 .287 .707 3 0 R Jackson 1B 3 0 1 0 0 1 .310 .797 14 0 HBP,GDP D Baylor DH 4 0 1 0 0 0 .263 .839 0 0 J Rudi LF 4 0 2 0 0 1 .226 .611 0 0 2B C Lansford 3B 4 0 0 0 0 0 .288 .800 0 2 D Chalk SS 4 0 2 0 0 0 .260 .625 4 4 B Downing C 4 0 1 0 0 1 .247 .702 1 0 GDP D Frost P 1 2 P Hartzell P 0 0 Totals 35 0 10 0 1 4 27 15
Batting Events
2B: J Rudi (11, off J Billingham).
HBP: R Jackson (7, by J Billingham).
TB: J Rudi 3; L Bostock 2; D Chalk 2; D Baylor; R Miller; B Downing; R Jackson.
GIDP: R Jackson (4); B Downing (4).
Team LOB: 10.
With RISP: 0 for 6.
Fielding Events
DP: 2. B Grich-D Chalk-R Jackson 2.
E: D Chalk (12).
Pitching Stats
Detroit Tigers IP H R ER BB SO HR ERA BF Pit-Str Ct·Sw·Lk GB·FB·LD· ? GmSc IR-IS LevI WPA J Billingham, W (8-5) 9 10 0 0 1 4 0 3.90 37 - · · 9·12· 0·10 70 - 0.87 0.37 Totals 9 10 0 0 1 4 0 37 - · · 9·12· 0·10 -
California Angels IP H R ER BB SO HR ERA BF Pit-Str Ct·Sw·Lk GB·FB·LD· ? GmSc IR-IS LevI WPA D Frost, L (2-2) 7.2 8 4 4 3 1 1 2.33 35 - · · 15· 7· 0· 8 45 - 0.70 -0.11 P Hartzell 1.1 1 0 0 2 0 0 3.64 6 - · · 3· 0· 0· 1 3-1 0.26 -0.02 Totals 9 9 4 4 5 1 1 41 - · · 18· 7· 0· 9 3-1
Balks: None.
WP: D Frost (1); P Hartzell (3).
HBP: J Billingham (4; R Jackson); D Frost (2; R LeFlore).
IBB: None.
Pickoffs: None.
Other Info
Umpires:
HP - Vic Voltaggio, 1B - Nestor Chylak, 2B - Ron Luciano, 3B - Rich Garcia.
Time of Game: 2:32.
Attendance: 21,447.
Field Condition: Unknown.
Start Time Weather: Unknown.
Lineups
Detroit Tigers California Angels 1. Ron LeFlore CF 1. Rick Miller CF 2. Lou Whitaker 2B 2. Bobby Grich 2B 3. Rusty Staub DH 3. Lyman Bostock RF 4. Jason Thompson 1B 4. Ron Jackson 1B 5. Steve Kemp LF 5. Don Baylor DH 6. Milt May C 6. Joe Rudi LF 7. Tim Corcoran RF 7. Carney Lansford 3B 8. Phil Mankowski 3B 8. Dave Chalk SS 9. Alan Trammell SS 9. Brian Downing C Jack Billingham P Dave Frost P
Top 5 Plays
Glossary · Click headers to sort · CSV · PRE · View Pitches · wWE and wWPA Explanation| Inn | Out | RoB | R/O | Pit(cnt) | wWPA | wWE | Score | @Bat | Batter | Pitcher | Play Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| t3 | 0 | 12- | RRR | 21% | 81% | 0-0 | DET | R. Staub | D. Frost | Home Run; LeFlore Scores; Whitaker Scores | |
| b5 | 0 | 1-- | OO | 8% | 87% | 0-3 | CAL | B. Downing | J. Billingham | Ground Ball Double Play: 2B-1B | |
| b4 | 0 | 1-- | OO | 8% | 84% | 0-3 | CAL | R. Jackson | J. Billingham | Ground Ball Double Play: SS-2B-1B | |
| t3 | 0 | 1-- | 6% | 60% | 0-0 | DET | L. Whitaker | D. Frost | Walk; LeFlore to 2B | ||
| b6 | 1 | 12- | O | 6% | 86% | 0-3 | CAL | D. Baylor | J. Billingham | Flyball: 1B |
Play By Play
Glossary · Click headers to sort · CSV · PRE · View Pitches · Box Score Explanation · wWE and wWPA Explanation| Inn | Out | RoB | R/O | Pit(cnt) | wWPA | wWE | Score | @Bat | Batter | Pitcher | Play Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Top of the 1st, Tigers Batting, Tied 0-0, Angels' Dave Frost facing 1-2-3 | |||||||||||
| t1 | 0 | --- | 4% | 54% | 0-0 | DET | R. LeFlore | D. Frost | Walk | ||
| t1 | 0 | 1-- | 3% | 56% | 0-0 | DET | L. Whitaker | D. Frost | Wild Pitch; LeFlore to 2B | ||
| t1 | 0 | -2- | O | -4% | 52% | 0-0 | DET | L. Whitaker | D. Frost | Groundout: 3B-1B | |
| t1 | 1 | -2- | O | -3% | 49% | 0-0 | DET | R. Staub | D. Frost | Flyball: SS | |
| t1 | 2 | -2- | 2% | 50% | 0-0 | DET | J. Thompson | D. Frost | Reached on E6 (Ground Ball); LeFlore to 3B | ||
| t1 | 2 | 1-3 | O | -5% | 45% | 0-0 | DET | S. Kemp | D. Frost | Groundout: 3B-2B/Forceout at 2B | |
| 0 runs, 0 hits, 1 error, 2 LOB. Tigers 0, Angels 0. | |||||||||||
| Bottom of the 1st, Angels Batting, Tied 0-0, Tigers' Jack Billingham facing 1-2-3 | |||||||||||
| b1 | 0 | --- | O | 2% | 48% | 0-0 | CAL | R. Miller | J. Billingham | Strikeout | |
| b1 | 1 | --- | O | 1% | 49% | 0-0 | CAL | B. Grich | J. Billingham | Flyball: CF | |
| b1 | 2 | --- | O | 1% | 50% | 0-0 | CAL | L. Bostock | J. Billingham | Flyball: RF | |
| 0 runs, 0 hits, 0 errors, 0 LOB. Tigers 0, Angels 0. | |||||||||||
| Top of the 2nd, Tigers Batting, Tied 0-0, Angels' Dave Frost facing 6-7-8 | |||||||||||
| t2 | 0 | --- | O | -2% | 48% | 0-0 | DET | M. May | D. Frost | Flyball: RF | |
| t2 | 1 | --- | O | -1% | 46% | 0-0 | DET | T. Corcoran | D. Frost | Groundout: P unassisted | |
| t2 | 2 | --- | 1% | 47% | 0-0 | DET | P. Mankowski | D. Frost | Single to CF | ||
| t2 | 2 | 1-- | O | -2% | 45% | 0-0 | DET | A. Trammell | D. Frost | Groundout: SS-1B | |
| 0 runs, 1 hit, 0 errors, 1 LOB. Tigers 0, Angels 0. | |||||||||||
| Bottom of the 2nd, Angels Batting, Tied 0-0, Tigers' Jack Billingham facing 4-5-6 | |||||||||||
| b2 | 0 | --- | O | 2% | 47% | 0-0 | CAL | R. Jackson | J. Billingham | Strikeout Looking | |
| b2 | 1 | --- | O | 2% | 49% | 0-0 | CAL | D. Baylor | J. Billingham | Groundout: SS-1B | |
| b2 | 2 | --- | -2% | 47% | 0-0 | CAL | J. Rudi | J. Billingham | Double to LF | ||
| b2 | 2 | -2- | O | 3% | 50% | 0-0 | CAL | C. Lansford | J. Billingham | Foul Flyball: C | |
| 0 runs, 1 hit, 0 errors, 1 LOB. Tigers 0, Angels 0. | |||||||||||
| Top of the 3rd, Tigers Batting, Tied 0-0, Angels' Dave Frost facing 1-2-3 | |||||||||||
| t3 | 0 | --- | 4% | 54% | 0-0 | DET | R. LeFlore | D. Frost | Single to SS | ||
| t3 | 0 | 1-- | 6% | 60% | 0-0 | DET | L. Whitaker | D. Frost | Walk; LeFlore to 2B | ||
| t3 | 0 | 12- | RRR | 21% | 81% | 0-0 | DET | R. Staub | D. Frost | Home Run; LeFlore Scores; Whitaker Scores | |
| t3 | 0 | --- | O | -1% | 80% | 3-0 | DET | J. Thompson | D. Frost | Groundout: 2B-1B | |
| t3 | 1 | --- | O | -1% | 79% | 3-0 | DET | S. Kemp | D. Frost | Groundout: SS-1B | |
| t3 | 2 | --- | 1% | 80% | 3-0 | DET | M. May | D. Frost | Single to RF | ||
| t3 | 2 | 1-- | O | -1% | 79% | 3-0 | DET | T. Corcoran | D. Frost | Groundout: 1B unassisted | |
| 3 runs, 3 hits, 0 errors, 1 LOB. Tigers 3, Angels 0. | |||||||||||
| Bottom of the 3rd, Angels Batting, Behind 0-3, Tigers' Jack Billingham facing 8-9-1 | |||||||||||
| b3 | 0 | --- | O | 2% | 81% | 0-3 | CAL | D. Chalk | J. Billingham | Flyball: CF | |
| b3 | 1 | --- | O | 1% | 82% | 0-3 | CAL | B. Downing | J. Billingham | Strikeout | |
| b3 | 2 | --- | -1% | 81% | 0-3 | CAL | R. Miller | J. Billingham | Single to SS | ||
| b3 | 2 | 1-- | O | 2% | 83% | 0-3 | CAL | B. Grich | J. Billingham | Flyball: RF | |
| 0 runs, 1 hit, 0 errors, 1 LOB. Tigers 3, Angels 0. | |||||||||||
| Top of the 4th, Tigers Batting, Ahead 3-0, Angels' Dave Frost facing 8-9-1 | |||||||||||
| t4 | 0 | --- | O | -1% | 82% | 3-0 | DET | P. Mankowski | D. Frost | Strikeout | |
| t4 | 1 | --- | O | -1% | 81% | 3-0 | DET | A. Trammell | D. Frost | Groundout: P-1B | |
| t4 | 2 | --- | O | -1% | 81% | 3-0 | DET | R. LeFlore | D. Frost | Groundout: 1B unassisted | |
| 0 runs, 0 hits, 0 errors, 0 LOB. Tigers 3, Angels 0. | |||||||||||
| Bottom of the 4th, Angels Batting, Behind 0-3, Tigers' Jack Billingham facing 3-4-5 | |||||||||||
| b4 | 0 | --- | -4% | 77% | 0-3 | CAL | L. Bostock | J. Billingham | Single to P | ||
| b4 | 0 | 1-- | OO | 8% | 84% | 0-3 | CAL | R. Jackson | J. Billingham | Ground Ball Double Play: SS-2B-1B | |
| b4 | 2 | --- | -1% | 83% | 0-3 | CAL | D. Baylor | J. Billingham | Single to CF | ||
| b4 | 2 | 1-- | -3% | 81% | 0-3 | CAL | J. Rudi | J. Billingham | Single to RF; Baylor to 3B | ||
| b4 | 2 | 1-3 | O | 5% | 85% | 0-3 | CAL | C. Lansford | J. Billingham | Groundout: 2B-SS/Forceout at 2B | |
| 0 runs, 3 hits, 0 errors, 2 LOB. Tigers 3, Angels 0. | |||||||||||
| Top of the 5th, Tigers Batting, Ahead 3-0, Angels' Dave Frost facing 2-3-4 | |||||||||||
| t5 | 0 | --- | O | -1% | 84% | 3-0 | DET | L. Whitaker | D. Frost | Groundout: 2B-1B | |
| t5 | 1 | --- | 1% | 86% | 3-0 | DET | R. Staub | D. Frost | Single to RF | ||
| t5 | 1 | 1-- | O | -1% | 84% | 3-0 | DET | J. Thompson | D. Frost | Flyball: RF | |
| t5 | 2 | 1-- | O | -1% | 83% | 3-0 | DET | S. Kemp | D. Frost | Flyball: CF | |
| 0 runs, 1 hit, 0 errors, 1 LOB. Tigers 3, Angels 0. | |||||||||||
| Bottom of the 5th, Angels Batting, Behind 0-3, Tigers' Jack Billingham facing 8-9-1 | |||||||||||
| b5 | 0 | --- | -4% | 79% | 0-3 | CAL | D. Chalk | J. Billingham | Single to LF | ||
| b5 | 0 | 1-- | OO | 8% | 87% | 0-3 | CAL | B. Downing | J. Billingham | Ground Ball Double Play: 2B-1B | |
| b5 | 2 | --- | O | 1% | 88% | 0-3 | CAL | R. Miller | J. Billingham | Groundout: 2B-1B | |
| 0 runs, 1 hit, 0 errors, 0 LOB. Tigers 3, Angels 0. | |||||||||||
| Top of the 6th, Tigers Batting, Ahead 3-0, Angels' Dave Frost facing 6-7-8 | |||||||||||
| t6 | 0 | --- | O | -1% | 87% | 3-0 | DET | M. May | D. Frost | Groundout: 1B unassisted | |
| t6 | 1 | --- | 1% | 88% | 3-0 | DET | T. Corcoran | D. Frost | Single to RF | ||
| t6 | 1 | 1-- | OO | -2% | 86% | 3-0 | DET | P. Mankowski | D. Frost | Ground Ball Double Play: 2B-SS-1B | |
| 0 runs, 1 hit, 0 errors, 0 LOB. Tigers 3, Angels 0. | |||||||||||
| Bottom of the 6th, Angels Batting, Behind 0-3, Tigers' Jack Billingham facing 2-3-4 | |||||||||||
| b6 | 0 | --- | O | 3% | 88% | 0-3 | CAL | B. Grich | J. Billingham | Flyball: RF | |
| b6 | 1 | --- | -3% | 85% | 0-3 | CAL | L. Bostock | J. Billingham | Single to 2B | ||
| b6 | 1 | 1-- | -5% | 81% | 0-3 | CAL | R. Jackson | J. Billingham | Hit By Pitch; Bostock to 2B | ||
| b6 | 1 | 12- | O | 6% | 86% | 0-3 | CAL | D. Baylor | J. Billingham | Flyball: 1B | |
| b6 | 2 | 12- | O | 5% | 91% | 0-3 | CAL | J. Rudi | J. Billingham | Strikeout | |
| 0 runs, 1 hit, 0 errors, 2 LOB. Tigers 3, Angels 0. | |||||||||||
| Top of the 7th, Tigers Batting, Ahead 3-0, Angels' Dave Frost facing 9-1-2 | |||||||||||
| t7 | 0 | --- | O | -1% | 90% | 3-0 | DET | A. Trammell | D. Frost | Groundout: P-1B | |
| t7 | 1 | --- | 1% | 91% | 3-0 | DET | R. LeFlore | D. Frost | Hit By Pitch | ||
| t7 | 1 | 1-- | 1% | 91% | 3-0 | DET | L. Whitaker | D. Frost | LeFlore Steals 2B | ||
| t7 | 1 | -2- | O | -1% | 90% | 3-0 | DET | L. Whitaker | D. Frost | Groundout: 2B-1B | |
| t7 | 2 | -2- | O | -1% | 89% | 3-0 | DET | R. Staub | D. Frost | Flyball: CF | |
| 0 runs, 0 hits, 0 errors, 1 LOB. Tigers 3, Angels 0. | |||||||||||
| Bottom of the 7th, Angels Batting, Behind 0-3, Tigers' Jack Billingham facing 7-8-9 | |||||||||||
| b7 | 0 | --- | O | 2% | 91% | 0-3 | CAL | C. Lansford | J. Billingham | Flyball: LF | |
| b7 | 1 | --- | O | 2% | 93% | 0-3 | CAL | D. Chalk | J. Billingham | Groundout: 1B unassisted | |
| b7 | 2 | --- | O | 1% | 94% | 0-3 | CAL | B. Downing | J. Billingham | Groundout: SS-1B | |
| 0 runs, 0 hits, 0 errors, 0 LOB. Tigers 3, Angels 0. | |||||||||||
| Top of the 8th, Tigers Batting, Ahead 3-0, Angels' Dave Frost facing 4-5-6 | |||||||||||
| t8 | 0 | --- | 1% | 95% | 3-0 | DET | J. Thompson | D. Frost | Walk | ||
| t8 | 0 | 1-- | O | -1% | 94% | 3-0 | DET | S. Kemp | D. Frost | Flyball: CF | |
| t8 | 1 | 1-- | O | -1% | 93% | 3-0 | DET | M. May | D. Frost | Flyball: RF | |
| t8 | 2 | 1-- | 1% | 94% | 3-0 | DET | T. Corcoran | D. Frost | Single to RF; Thompson to 2B | ||
| t8 | 2 | 12- | 1% | 94% | 3-0 | DET | P. Mankowski | D. Frost | Single to LF; Thompson to 3B; Corcoran to 2B | ||
| Paul Hartzell replaces Dave Frost pitching | |||||||||||
| t8 | 2 | 123 | R | 3% | 97% | 3-0 | DET | A. Trammell | P. Hartzell | Walk; Thompson Scores; Corcoran to 3B; Mankowski to 2B | |
| t8 | 2 | 123 | O | -1% | 96% | 4-0 | DET | R. LeFlore | P. Hartzell | Groundout: 2B-SS/Forceout at 2B | |
| 1 run, 2 hits, 0 errors, 3 LOB. Tigers 4, Angels 0. | |||||||||||
| Bottom of the 8th, Angels Batting, Behind 0-4, Tigers' Jack Billingham facing 1-2-3 | |||||||||||
| Aurelio Rodriguez replaces Phil Mankowski playing 3B batting 8th | |||||||||||
| b8 | 0 | --- | O | 1% | 98% | 0-4 | CAL | R. Miller | J. Billingham | Flyball: CF | |
| b8 | 1 | --- | -1% | 96% | 0-4 | CAL | B. Grich | J. Billingham | Walk | ||
| b8 | 1 | 1-- | O | 2% | 98% | 0-4 | CAL | L. Bostock | J. Billingham | Groundout: 2B-SS/Forceout at 2B | |
| b8 | 2 | 1-- | -1% | 97% | 0-4 | CAL | R. Jackson | J. Billingham | Single to LF; Bostock to 2B | ||
| b8 | 2 | 12- | O | 2% | 99% | 0-4 | CAL | D. Baylor | J. Billingham | Flyball: LF | |
| 0 runs, 1 hit, 0 errors, 2 LOB. Tigers 4, Angels 0. | |||||||||||
| Top of the 9th, Tigers Batting, Ahead 4-0, Angels' Paul Hartzell facing 2-3-4 | |||||||||||
| t9 | 0 | --- | O | -0% | 99% | 4-0 | DET | L. Whitaker | P. Hartzell | Groundout: 2B-1B | |
| t9 | 1 | --- | 0% | 99% | 4-0 | DET | R. Staub | P. Hartzell | Single to RF | ||
| t9 | 1 | 1-- | 0% | 99% | 4-0 | DET | J. Thompson | P. Hartzell | Wild Pitch; Staub to 2B | ||
| t9 | 1 | -2- | 0% | 99% | 4-0 | DET | J. Thompson | P. Hartzell | Walk | ||
| t9 | 1 | 12- | OO | -0% | 99% | 4-0 | DET | S. Kemp | P. Hartzell | Ground Ball Double Play: 2B-SS-1B | |
| 0 runs, 1 hit, 0 errors, 1 LOB. Tigers 4, Angels 0. | |||||||||||
| Bottom of the 9th, Angels Batting, Behind 0-4, Tigers' Jack Billingham facing 6-7-8 | |||||||||||
| b9 | 0 | --- | O | 1% | 99% | 0-4 | CAL | J. Rudi | J. Billingham | Groundout: SS-1B | |
| b9 | 1 | --- | O | 1% | 100% | 0-4 | CAL | C. Lansford | J. Billingham | Flyball: CF | |
| b9 | 2 | --- | -0% | 100% | 0-4 | CAL | D. Chalk | J. Billingham | Single to RF | ||
| b9 | 2 | 1-- | -1% | 99% | 0-4 | CAL | B. Downing | J. Billingham | Single to LF; Chalk to 2B | ||
| b9 | 2 | 12- | O | 1% | 100% | 0-4 | CAL | R. Miller | J. Billingham | Flyball: LF | |
| 0 runs, 2 hits, 0 errors, 2 LOB. Tigers 4, Angels 0. | |||||||||||
Retrosheet.org Boxscore:CAL197807160
Play-by-Play Explanation
- RoB- This gives the baserunner (Runners on Base) configuration at the start of the play. "1-3" would mean runners on first and third. Clicking on this will show the defensive players and baserunners on the field for this play.
- R/O- This has a "O" for every out on the play and an "R" for every run that scored on the play. Some plays will have both in no particular order.
- Pit- When available, the number of pitches in this plate appearance. Clicking on this number will show the sequence of pitches thrown including, when available, things like runner going, ball blocked, attempted pickoffs and the like. We believe this data to be as accurate as humanly possible, but there are going to be some errors in the data, so please take it with a grain of salt. Clicking on this will show the defensive players and baserunners on the field for this play.
- wWPA- Winning Team's Win Probability Added. The amount that this play increased or decreased the eventual winning team's probability of winning the game. More About Win Probability Added
- wWE- Winning Team's Win Expectancy. The probability of the eventual winning team winning the game prior to this play given two average teams playing each other. More About Win Probability Added
- Score- The score from the perspective of the batting team.
- Batter- The batter at the plate when this play occurred. If the play is a baserunning event, then the batter's name will be repeated as indicated by quotes.
- Pitcher- The pitcher on the mound when this play occurred.
- Play Detail- This is an explanation of the play that occurred. In some cases, batted ball location and type will be indicated within parentheses. Again, these are best efforts to the record the game as it happened. Also, plays made on the baserunners (including the batter as a baserunner) will be indicated in parentheses after the baserunner's name. Advancement of baserunners is given in cases where the advancement is not easily deduced or obvious from the play. For example, advancement for a walk will not be given, but for a single or double it will be given.
Please report any issues or strangeness you see with the description of plays given above. We have tested several hundred different types of plays, but, in all likelihood, there are still some errors or misinterpretations of the play-by-play data.
The play-by-play information both shown and used to create certain
data sets was obtained free of charge from and is copyrighted by RetroSheet.
In some cases, the results from play-by-play data will contradict results in the official record. The official record has many, many errors, but we have not undertaken to reconcile those errors. Pitch-by-pitch data should not be taken as completely accurate, though we believe it to be as accurate as is currently possible.
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